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Week 1

1. Robert C. Burdette, an entomologist who devised a method to control the pepper maggot, died in January 1935.

2. Oliver P. Jenkins, also died early in January 1935. He was Professor Emeritus of physiology from Stanford University and an authority on fish of Hawaii.

3. Gould's Medical Dictionary: the words and phrases generally used in medicine and the allied sciences, with their pronunciation and derivation. 4th rev ed, by Gould, Scott, and Brownlow, was published by Blakiston's in 1935.

4. H. S. Jennings' Genetics was published by W. W. Norton in 1935.

5. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, was published by Wiley VCH, Germany in 1935.

6. Minzoku Eisei, was published by Nippon Minzoku Eisei Gakkai, Japan in 1935.

7. Occasional Papers. Life Sciences, was published by the Royal Ontario Museum, Canada in 1935.

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Week 2

8. The establishment of Fort Jefferson National Monument was enacted by the U.S. Congress. The name was changed to Dry Tortugas National Park in 1992. Happy birthday to them!

9. Frederick Augustus Dixey was an evolutionary entomologist at Oxford, curator of the Hope collections at Oxford, and President of the Entomological Society of London. He applied natural selection to entomology, especially butterflies. He died in mid-January, 1935.

10. Edith Grey Wheelwright authored Physick garden: medicinal plants and their history, published by Houghton Mifflin in 1935.

11. Hans Zinsser of Harvard wrote Rats, Lice and History: being a study in biography, which, after twelve preliminary chapters indispensable for the preparation of the lay reader, deals with the life history of typhus fever, published by Little, Brown, and Co in 1935.

12. Johannes Prior, co-discoverer of the Finkler-Prior choler vibrio, died early in 1935.

13. The first issue of Museo del la Plata. Notas. Zoologia by the Universidad Nacional de la Plata, Argentina, was in 1935.

14. The first issue of Museo del la Plata. Notas. Botanica by the Universidad Nacional de la Plata, Argentina, was in 1935.

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Week 3

15. We missed an earlier in January birthday for Gene Elden Likens, born January 6, 1935. If you know him, wish him a belated happy birthday from us! He is a well-recognized and honored aquatic ecologist/limnologist and was recipient of multiple honorary degrees from the USA and Europe and winner of multiple honors and awards, including the First G. E. Hutchinson Award from the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography in 1982, a NY Academy of Science Award in 1986, the International ECI Prize for Limnetic Ecology in 1988, the Tyler Prize for environmental research in 1993, the Naumann-Thienemann Medal from the Societe Internationale Limnologiae of Brazil in 1995 and the Lifetime Achievement Award for AIBS in 2000.

16. Laurence Charles Binford celebrated his birthday on January 11. He is a retired ornithologist and was very active in both the Western Field Ornithologists and the Cooper Ornithological Society.

17. Howard Bodley Haines celebrated his birthday on January 15. He is emeritus zoology faculty from the University of Oklahoma with interest in the physiology of vertebrates in arid environments.

18. Japanese zoologist, Chiyomatsu Ishikawa celebrated his birthday on January 17. His research focuses on the natural history of Japan, including embryology; evolution; the study of fish, crustacea, and reptiles, mostly published in Japanese, but some translated into German, Chinese, and English.

19. Margaret Simpson, a USA citizen born in Hong Kong, celebrates her birthday on January 19th. She is an invertebrate zoologist and specialist on the biology of polychaetes.

20. Zoo (Anvers), a journal published by the Societe Royale de Zoologie d'Anvers, Belgium, started in 1935.

21. The Canadian Dental Association Journal also began in 1935.

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Week 4

22. Bruce Joseph Roser, Director of the Company of Biologists, Ltd, was born January 21, 1935.

23. Edmund A Richards, recipient of the R.A. Gregory Award for Medical Research in 1973, the International Pharmacology Award in 1975, and the William S. Merrill Award in 1977, with experience in the US and Europe, primarily on gastroenterological research relating to pancreatic and gastric secretions and the transfer of pharmacolologically active drugs across the placenta, was born January 25, 1935.

24. Walter Lincoln Burrage, co-editor of the Dictionary of American Medical Biography and secretary for 25 years of the Massachusetts Medical Society, died on January 26, 1935.

25. Michael Grabham, author of Madeira: Its Climate and Resources and prominent naturalist for the area, with a wide knowledge of the fish and crustacea of the Madeira waters, as well as the island flora and fauna, died January 28, 1935.

26. Born January 28, 1935, in the Czech Republic, Canadian citizen Karel Josef Rakusan was emeritus professor of physiology from the University of Ottawa and recipient of the Czech Academy of Science Award in 1966. His primary research was in developmental physiology and oxygen in the heart.

27. Howard Johnson Shannon's Book of the seashore: the life experiences of a naturalist on the beach, 1st ed, was published by Doubleday, Doran & Co., in 1935.

28. The journal American Surgeon, published by the Southeastern Surgical Congress, USA, was first published in 1935.

29. The Democratic Nursing Organisation of South Africa published the first issue of Nursing Update in 1935.

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Week 5

30. Albert Mann, botanist and authority on sea grasses and diatoms, died February 1, 1935. The Albert Mann Diatom Collection is at the Smithsonian Institution.

31. Louis Howard Miller was born February 4, 1935. He received the Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize in 1985, and the Sixth Annual Bristol-Myers Squibb Award in Infectious Disease in 1996.

32. Victor Gladstone Vethamany, Canadian biologist, was born Febuary 7, 1935. He was a recipient of the National Science Prize in 1954 and the Bourne Prize in 1957 from the University of Madras.

33. David White died February 7, 1935. He was active in the Geological Survey (US) with interest in fossil plants of the Mesozoic and was possibly the foremost Paleozoic paleobotanist in the USA at the time. He also served as VP of the National Academy of Sciences and president of the Geological Society of America.

34. Leonhard Jores, emeritus director of the Kiel Pathological Institute, and author of The Commoner Diseases: their causes and effects, died February 7, 1935.

35.. Hokkaido University, Japan, began publishing the Scientific Papers of the Institute of Algological Research in 1935.

36. Laboratorios Hormona, SA, Mexico, began publishing Endocrinologia y Terapeutica in 1935.

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Week 6

37. Although Sir Edward Bagnall Poulton received his knighthood in 1935, this was only the most public of his honors. He was Hope professor of zoology at Oxford for thirty years and served as president of three organizations: the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1937, the Linnean Society of London from 1912 to 1916, and twice for the Entomological Society of London from 1903-04 and 1925-26, which named him honorary life president in 1933 when it became the Royal Entomological Society. His primary research area was with mimicry.

38. Jean Cyrus Rostand published an important work on dragonflies in 1935, La Vie des Libellules; however he went on to do more extensive work on amphibians. He received the Henry de Parville Prize in 1934 from the Academy of Sciences and the Binoux Prize in 1941.

39. Barbara McClintock was awarded an unshared Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her work on transposition of genes based on her work with zea maize. One of the most important "classical" papers on maize was by McClintock with Marcus M. Rhoades in Botanical Review 1:292, 1935, "The Cytogenetics of Maize."

40. Hildebrand Wolfe Harvey was a significant marine scientist at the Plymouth Laboratory of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom for over 25 years. One of the most foundational articles on plankton was "Plankton Production and Its Control," with Leslie Hugh Norman Cooper, Marie Lebour, and Frederick Stratten Russell in the Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 20:407, 1935. He received the Alexander Agassiz Medal from the U.S. National Academy of Science in 1952 and was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1958.

41. Chancey Juday was the first president of the American Society of Limnology, the predecessor of the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography. Although the ASL completed its official incorporation in 1936, Juday is noted as serving as president beginning in 1935.

42. Jules Bordet served as President of the Conseil Scientifique at the Institut Pasteur in Paris in 1935.

43. Izdatel'stvo Meditsina, Russian Federation, published the first issue of Arkhiv Patologii in 1935.

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Week 7

44. Sir George Seaton Buchanan was awarded the Jenner Medal from the Royal Society of Medicine in January 1935 for distinguished work in epidemiology.

45. J.B.S. Haldane gave the Sedgwick Memorial Lecture in January 1935 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He spoke on "Some Problems of Mathematical Biology."

46. Edna Harde Young, then at the Pasteur Institute, was awarded the Guy Amerongen Prize for Cancer Research from La Ligue Francaise contre de Cancer in February 1935 in recognition of her paper that proposed that chemically preserved foods can aid in cancer growth.

47. Lucy S. Morgan from the Tennessee State Health Dept. was awarded the Mary Pemberton Nourse Memorial Fellowship from AAUW (American Association of University Women) on February 17, 1935, to study the science of public health at Yale University.

48. Perlina Winocur from the University of Buenos Aires Medical School received an AAUW Latin American Fellowship on February 17, 1935, to go to the Johns Hopkins Hospital to continue her study on infant mortality.

49. Lucy Boyd spoke on "Women in Science in Scotland" at the Sigma Delta Epsilon graduate women's scientific fraternity meeting in conjunction with the AAAS meeting in February 1935.

50. Henry A. Pilsbry, curator of mollusca, received the George W. Carpenter Prize of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia for the best piece of original scientific research. This funded publications of a later study of the land molluscs of North America.

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Week 8

51. Edward James Salisbury received the Veitch Memorial Award from the Royal Horticultural Society for "outstanding contributions to the advancement and improvement of the science and practice of horticulture."

52. E. D. Merrill and A. B. Stout, both of the New York Botanical Garden were elected honorary fellows of the British Royal Horticultural Society and honorary life members of the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society.

53. Samuel James Gilfillan, prominent psychiatrist and worker with mental illnesses for forty years, died on February 28, 1935. He had been awarded the decoration Chevalier de l'Ordre de Leopold by the King of the Belgians and the Order of the British Empire.

54. Sir William Leslie Mackenzie, member of the Scottish Board of Health, Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh and of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, died on February 28, 1935.

55. Walter Jones, professor emeritus of physiological chemistry at Johns Hopkins and author of numerous articles on nucleic acids in yeast, died on February 28, 1935.

56. The Turkish Medical Society began publishing the journal Turk tip Cemiyeti Mecmuasi, now Turk Tip Dernegi Dergisi, in 1935.

57. John S. Haldane was a major researcher in respiratory physiology. The new edition of his Respiration with John G. Priestley published in 1935 by Yale University Press was the standard for the subject for many years. He also developed an interest in philosophy as evidenced by his Philosophy of a Biologist, published by Clarendon Press in 1935.

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Week 9

58. Carlyle F. Jacobsen and John Fulton published an article on frontal lobe ablation in chimpanzees that changed their behavior as reported in Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry v.33. Antonio Egas Moniz tried on a human with the same result, which was the introduction of lobotomy for treatment of mental illness.

59. Legislation in NY state was the first to allow blood type evidence in court cases in March 1935.

60. Anne C Cohen was born March 1, 1935. A researcher at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, California Academy of Sciences, and the Bodega Marine Laboratory of the University of California at Davis, she received an award for Exceptional Services from the Smithsonian Institution in 1979 and the Antarctic Service Medal from the National Science Foundation in 1967.

61. Gerald S. Moss, born March 4, 1935, served as President of the Association for Academic Surgery in 1976 and was inducted as a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons.

62. Conrad Barnett Link, born March 5, 1935, received the L. M. Ware Award for Distinguished Teaching from the American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS) in 1983 and the Leonard H. Vaughan Memorial Research Award in Floriculture in 1954, was inducted as a Fellow of the ASHS, and retired as emeritus professor of horticulture from the University of Maryland.

63. Kenneth Wilson Steward was also born March 5, 1935. He was an aquatic ecologist and served as President of the North American Benthological Society 1978-79 and received their Award of Excellence in 1997.

64. George Leslie Brengelmann, born March 7, 1935, retired as Professor Emeritus from the University of Washington. He studied body temperature regulation.

65. The first issue of La Clinique Ophtalmologique was published by Laboratoires Martinet in France in 1935. The title ceased in 1991.

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Week 10

66. E. M. Fannin, Fellow of the Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland, died March 8, 1935.

67. Martha Tracy, dean of the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania celebrated 25 years at the College and a portrait of her was presented to the College in honor of their 85th anniversary on March 9, 1935.

68. Roland Harrison Ingram, Jr., born March 10, 1935, was a pulmonary physician. He received the Edward Livingston Trudeau medal from the American Lung Association in 1996.

69. Donald E. Henson, born March 12, 1935, was Program Director at the National Cancer Institute for over 20 years.

70. George Newton Eaves, born March 12, 1935, won Director's Awards from NIH in 1976 and 1986. He studied exocellular enzymes of bacteria.

71. Sven Otto Hörstadius did major work on echinoderms, especially regarding reproduction, with the most significant being his "Über die Determination im Verlaufe der Eiachse bei Seeigeln," published in Pubblicazioni della Stazione zoologica di Napoli 14:251 in 1935. He was later able to use the technique of vital staining to help map the cranial neural crest cells in amphibians and higher animals which was later published as a book, The Neural Crest by Oxford University Press in 1950. He also was active in professional organizations and served as Chairman of the International Union of Biological Sciences and as President of the International Council of Scientific Unions.

72. The Tree-Ring Society published the first issue of Tree-Ring Research in 1935.

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Week 11

73. Eberhard Karbe, born March 15, 1935, was a German veterinarian, who received the Otto Bayer Award from the Bayer Foundation for the Recognition and Support of Scientific Research in 1993.

74. Philip Leon Gildenberg, born March 15, 1935, and last of Baylor College of Medicine, was President of the World Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery in 1993.

75. Richard Joseph Albertini, born March 15, 1935, won the Alexander Hollaender Award from the Environmental Mutagen Society in 1990 and the St. George Medal for volunteer service from the American Cancer Society also in 1990; he is Professor Emeritus of the University of Vermont.

76. The Maxim Gorky Scientific Research Institute of Medical Genetics was founded March 15, 1935. It grew out of the former Medico-Biological Institute of the Commissariat of Public Health (Nakomzdrav).

77. John Hernage Prescott was born March 16, 1935. He was an aquarium executive and worked at the Marineland of the Pacific, the New England Aquarium, among other places. He received a commendation for efforts to conserve whales from the U.S. House of Representatives in 1971 and the Annual Science Award for Conservation from the American Cetacean Society in 1969.

78. John James Rickard Macleod died March 16, 1935. He wrote Physiology and Biochemistry in modern medicine, 7th ed (title varies), published by Mosby in 1935, the year of his death; he also published a series of 12 articles in American Journal of Physiology entitled "Studies in Experimental Glycosuria" as part of some 37 papers on problems related to the metabolism of carbohydrates. He shared the Nobel Prize in physiology with Sir Frederick Banting in 1923 for work on insulin.

79. Lester Breslow, born March 17, 1935, is Emeritus from the School of Public Health at the University of California - Los Angeles. He received the the Sedgwick Memorial Medal from the American Public Health Association in 1977, the Porter Prize in 1998, and the Stephen Smith Medal for Lifetime Achievement in Public Health from the New York Academy of Medicine in 2005, among others. He served as President of the Public Health Cancer Association of America in 1953, the International Epidemiological Association 1964-68, the American Public Health Association in 1969, and the Association of Schools of Public Health in 1973-75.

80. Rosemary Anne Stevens, born March 18, 1935, received the Arthur Viseltear Prize from the American Public Health Association in 1990 and the Welch Medal from the American Association for the History of Medicine in the same year. She wrote on the history of medicine and on health policy and medical education.

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Week 12

81. Poul Edvard Poulsson, born March 19, 1935, studied the importance of cod liver vitamins to the growing organism and a method of quantitative determination of vitamin D and wrote a Text-book of pharmacology and therapeutics that went for ten editions.

82. Gerald Ray Smith, born March 20, 1935, was Curator Emeritus of Fishes at the Museum of Zoology and Curator Emeritus of Lower Vertebrates at the Museum of Paleontology at the University of Michigan Ann Arbor. He also served as President of the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists in 1991.

83. March 21, 1935, must have been a good day to be born. Here are three people who made a mark who were born that day:

• Kenji Mori was recipient of the Japan Academy award in 1981, received the Agricultural Society Prize from the Federation of Agriculture Societies in 1992, the Silver Medal from the International Society for Chemical Ecology in 1996, the Ernest Guenter award from the American Chemical Society in 1999, and the Sorm Medal from the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic in 2003.
• Richard William Vilter received the AMA's Goldberger Award in 1960, the Daniel Drake Award in 1985 and the Daniel Drake Humanitarian Award in 1991. He served as President for the American College of Physicians in 1979-80 and the American Society for Clinical Nutrition 1960-61.
• Walter Fried did most of his work in various institutions in Illinois. He served as president of the International Society for Experimental Hematology in 1983.

84. Gastroenterologist Henry David Janowitz was born March 23, 1935. He won the Friedenwald medal from the American Gastroenterology Association in 1984 and a Lifetime Clinical Achievement Award from the same group in 1970.

85. William John Sinclair, director of the Princeton University paleontology museum and author of Marsupialia and New Carnivorous Marsupials for the Deseado formation of Patagonia died on March 25, 1935. The Patagonia work linked fossil Marsupials in Patagonia to the living Tasmanian Thylacine and argued for a prior geographic link between South America and Australia.

86. Ornithologist George Ralph Maxwell II was born March 27, 1935. He won the John J. Elliott Award in 1971 and 1983 from the New York State Ornithological Association and is Professor Emeritus from SUNY Oswego. He primarily studied herons and grackles.

87. Gerhard Hermann Gottschalk, German microbiologist also born March 27, 1935, received the Akademie Award Volswagenstiftung in 1978 and the Philip Morris Award from the Philip Morris Foundation in 1993.

88. Oscar Walter Johnson, born March 28, 1935, was an ornithologist who primarily studied shorebirds, particularly those with long distance migrations in the Pacific.

89. Robert Evan Kendall, psychiatrist, died on March 28, 1935. He received the Gaskell Medal and Prize of the Royal College of Psychiatrists in 1967, the Paul Hock Medal of the American Psychopathological Association and the Marcé Medal from the Marcé Society, and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1993.

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Week 13

90. George Sarton, editor of the journal Isis, was unanimously elected a corresponding member of the Academia de la Historia of Madrid the end of March, 1935.

91. Sir Edward Sharpey-Schafer, Emeritus Professor of Physiology at the University of Edinburgh and known for discoveries in muscular action, died March 29, 1935. He was author of Essentials of Histology, which went to 13 editions. He received the Distinguished Service Medal of the Royal Life-Saving Society in 1909 for his method of resuscitation of the presumed asphyxiated, as well as the Copley Medal in 1924.

92. James Chase Tyler, II, born March 31, 1935, was an ichthyologist at the Smithsonian Institution. He received the Robert H. Gibbs, Jr., Memorial Award from the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists in 2000 and is a Fellow of the American Society of Fishery Research Biologists.

93. F. Gregory Hall, zoology professor at Duke University uses a grant from the National Research Council to join an expedition to the Andes to study the effect of high altitude on men and animals in early April, 1935.

94. Theodore A. Brombach of the University of California was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal of the National Foundation of Optometry for his work on color field studies. This was reported in early April in Science.

95. Konrad Lorenz, born April 1, 1935, is considered the founder of modern ethology for his study of the imprinting behavior of young birds. Lorenz studied ducklings to understand imprinting by appearing before mallard ducklings and imitated a mother duck's quacking sounds, so they regarded him as the mother and they followed him. This was reported in Journal fur ornithologie v.83. He shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology in 1973 with Karl von Frisch and Nikolaas Tinbergen for their work on animal behavior.

96. Noe Zamel was born April 2, 1935. She received the Miguel Couto Award from the College of Medicine of the Federal Universidad de Rio Grande do Sul in 1958 and the Cecile Lehman Mayer Award from the American College of Chest Physicians in 1969.

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Week 14

97. Aharon Razin, born April 6, 1935, was co-recipient of the Wolf Foundation Prize in Medicine in Israel in 2008.

98. The International Union of Directors of Zoological Gardens, Basel, Switzerland, was founded in April 1935. It is now the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA) with its headquarters moving to Gland, Switzerland, in April 2010.

99. Sir John Rose Bradford, Bart., died April 7, 1935. He combined physiology and medicine as a physician and worked on identifying the spinal distribution of the controlling nerves in the kidneys and lungs. He was a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and served as its president from 1924-28.

100. Stanley John Dudrick, born April 9, 1935, was Decorated Knight of the Order St. John of Jerusalem Knights Hospitalier; the Stanley J. Dudrick MD Surgery Education and Research Fund was named in his honor at, St. Mary's Hospital in 2003. He received the Mead Johnson award for Research in Hospital Pharmacy in 1972, the AMA-Brookdale Award in Medicine in 1975, the Stinchfield Award from the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgery in 1981, and the Jacobson Innovation Award from the American Chemical Society in 2005.

101. Two Grants-in-aid from the AAAS were awarded April 10, 1935. Frank M. Carpenter of the Museum of Comparative Zoology received one for a collecting expedition in Kansas to study Permian insects. Robert Weill from the University of Paris received one to go to the Bermuda Biological Station to study nematocysts of Coelenterates.

102. Enrico Fermi is credited with the beginning of nuclear medicine. He proved that stable elements could be made radioactive by bombarding them with neutrons. This was reported with E. Arnaldi, O. D'Agostino, B. Pontecorvo, F. Rasetti and E. Sergre in the Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Ser. A , v.149 in 1935.

103. Alfred Goldscheider died April 10, 1935. He was the former director of the Third University Medical Clinic of Berlin and president of the Berlin Medical Society.

104. Rodiquesia, a journal from the Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, published its first issue in 1935.

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Week 15

105. Two important scientists died on April 13, 1935. Edouard Jeanselme was well known in dermatology, tropical medicine and medical history, especially in France. Leon Maria Guerrero was an eminent Filipino botanist, primarily working in the area of forestry.

106. Benjamin Mani Pulimood, gastroenterologist, was born on April 14, 1935. He received the Ath Vishista Chikalsa award from the Association of Chest Physicians in India in 1996 and the Ida Scudder Award from the Scudder Association in 1993. He also served as President of the Indian Society for Gastroenterology 1978-79 and is a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, Edinburgh.

107. Garabed Eknoyan was also born on April 14, 1935. He received the President's Award from the National Kidney Foundation in New York City in 1996 and served as president of the Foundation for 1998-2000.

108. Nancy Burton Esterly was a third April 14, 1935, birth. She was a dermatologist and she received the David Martin Carter Award from the American Skin Association and the Lifetime Career Educator Award from the Dermatology Foundation in 2002.

109. Gerhard Domagk's studies on drug metabolism of heparin against streptococcus infection in mice was first reported in Deutsch Medizinische Wochenschrift 61:250, 1935. He received the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1939.

110. Jacques Gustave Marie Trefouel, Therese Trefouel Frederico Nitti, and Daniel Bovet show that Prontosil's action is due to sulfanilamide. This was reported in Comptes-Rendus des Seances. Societe de biologie120: 756, 1935. This was based on earlier work by Gerhard Domagk in 1932 on studies of drug metabolism of protosil rubrum against strep infections in mice.

111. The American Institute of Tropical Medicine opens its first Annual Meeting in New York City on April 16, 1935.

112. Bernard M. Hitzig was born April 17, 1935. He was a physiologist and biophysicist.  He was on the faculty of Harvard Medical School based at Massachusetts General Hospital for 20 years.  In addition, he was an advisor to MIT doctoral candidates and to postdoctoral fellows.  He concentrated on biophysical research centered around the application of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to cellular physiology. 

113. Fielding H. Garrison, Librarian of the Welch Memorial Library at Johns Hopkins University died April 18, 1935. He served as co-editor of Index Medicus from 1903-1912 and was the author of Introduction to the History of Medicine.

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Week 16

114. On April 19, 1935, the hundredth anniversary of the birth of Alfred Nobel was celebrated with a dinner in the Grand Ballroom at the Waldorf-Astoria. Nobel laureates of the current year were invited as guests of honor and earlier winners were also invited to attend.

115. Dieter Gerhard Soll, born April 19, 1935, was a plant molecular biologist. He received the Humboldt Prize in 1988.

116. Hallowell Davis, F. A. Gibbs, E.L. Garceau, and A.J. Derbyshire, all of Harvard University demonstrated the electroencephalogram at the American Societies for Experimental Biology conference.

117. Julius Arthur Neiuwland was awarded the American Institute Gold Medal for his work on organic synthesis based on acetylene. He founded the journal The Midland Naturalist and served as curator of the E. L. Green Herbarium as well as botanical librarian. He also received the William H. Hinols Medal from the American Chemical Society for basic work on syntheses from unsaturated hydrocarbons on April 22, 1935.

118. Axel Reyn, former president of the Comité International de la Lumière died in Copenhagen on April 22, 1935. He was also an honorary member of the Radiological Society of North America, the American Association for Medico-Physical Research, and the Svensk Forening for Medical Radiology.

119. Jan Jakobus Beukema was born April 23, 1935. He was a marine biologist at the Netherlands Institute for Sea Research and editor of Journal of Sea Research for over 20 years.

120. Gottfried Otto Helmut Naumann was born April 25, 1935. He was principal author of Pathology of the Eye, which was originally published in German, but was translated into English and Japanese. He received the William Mackenzie medal from the University of Glasgow in 1991, the T. Krwawicz Gold medal from the Polish Ophthalmology Society in 1993, the Dr. Frank Claffy medal in 2000, the Jose Rizal Gold medal from the Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology in 2007, and was recognized as an honorary fellow of the Royal College of Ophthalmology in Thailand in 2004, among other honors. He was a Fellow of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and received their Senior Achievement Award in 2001, the Lorenz E. Zimmerman Medal in 2003 and the International Blindness Prevention Award in 2007.

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Week 17

121.John Harold (Jack) Helle was born April 26, 1935. He was a fish biologist studying Pacific salmon and served as President of the American Institute of Fishery Research Biologists 1990-92.

122. Milislav Demerec was born in Austria-Hungary. He later became a U.S.A. citizen. He helped develop the Cold Spring Harbor Biological Laboratory and did extensive research and chromosome mapping on Drosophila melanogaster. He served as President of the Genetics Society of America in 1939 and the American Society of Naturalists in 1954 and was awarded the Order of St. Save from Yugoslavia in 1935.

123. Sack Noy Scott died April 29, 1935. He was an active member of the British Medical Association throughout his career, especially in the Section of Public Medicine and the South-Western Branch. He served as Medical Officer of Health for Plympton St Mary Rural District Council and Admiralty medical officer for the forts and coast-guard stations in the district.

124. Elsevier Masson of France started two new serials in 1935. They were Encyclopedie Medico-Chirugicale. Hepatologie and Encyclopedie Medico-Chirugicale. Maladies Infectieuses.

125. The American Society for Microbiology published the first issue of Microbe in 1935.

126. Mary E. Phillips and Lucy E. Cox's book Teaching of biology was published by the University of London Press in 1935.

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Week 18

127. On May 3, 1935, the American Association of Arts and Sciences elected six new Fellows in the Medical and Biological Sciences. They were Charles Henry Blake, zoologist and educator from MIT and curator at the Boston Society of Natural History; John Franklin Daniel, zoologist and educator from the Society of Natural History; Bernard Ogilvie Dodge, plant pathologist and staff member at the New York Botanical Garden; Karl Friedrich Meyer, bacteriologist, pathologist, and educator at the University of California at San Francisco and executive at the George W. Hooper Foundation; Tracy Jackson Putnam, neurologist, educator, and hospital administrator from Harvard Medical School; and William Wright Smith, botanist and educator at the University of Edinburgh and administrator at the Royal Botanic Garden. These were publicly announced at the May 8, 1935, Stated Meeting. [Thank you to the AAAS for this information.]

128. David Regan, neuroscientist born May 5, 1935, received the Forman Prize for Medical Research in 1983, the Prentice Medal in 1990, and the Sir J. W. Dawson Medal from the Royal Society of Canada in 1997. He also received the Proctor Medal in 2000, the Queen Elizabeth II medal in 2002 and the Hebb Medal in 2003.

129. Lucian W Chaney died May 6, 1935. He was a noted biologist and statistician, an expert on accident prevention, and did a significant study on dangerous occupations of women and children; Chaney Glacier in Glacier National Park is named for him.

130. Toshimasa Onaya was born May 7, 1935. He is an internist and professor emeritus from the University of Yamanashi in Japan and recipient of the Daiichi Prize from the Asia and Oceania Thyroid Association in 1991.

131. David Hershel Alpers, born May 9, 1935, was made an Honorary Member of the British Society of Gastroenterology in 1999, received the Distinguished Research Award in Gastrointestinal Physiology from the American Physiological Society in 1998, and the Julius Friedenward Medal from the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) in 1997. He also served as President of the AGA 1990-91.

132. Henry Eliot Howard was only an amateur ornithologist in Britain, but his theory of the territory of birds was significant. One of his later works, The Nature of a Bird's World, published in 1935, attempted to show life from the bird's point of view.

133. The first issue of the Australian Nursing Journal was published in 1935.

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Week 19

134. Wilhelm Kolle died May 10, 1935. He was one of the foremost bacteriologists of Germany at the time through his work on cholera, leprosy, and cattle plague and first author of the multi-volume work Handbuch der pathogenen Mikroorganisme published by G. Fischer.

135. Jose Ruiz-Herrera was born May 12, 1935. He received the Ruth Allen Award from the American Phytopathological Society in 1983 and served as President to two professional organizations in Mexico: the Sociedad Mexicana de Bioquimica 1983-85 and the Asociacion Mexicana de Microbiologia 1976-1978.

136. Marie Bridget Coyle, emeritus Professor from the University of Washington received the bioMerieux Vitek Sonnenwirth Memorial Award from the American Society for Microbiology in 1994 and the Pasteur Award from the Illinois Society for Microbiology in 1997 and is a Fellow of the American Academy for Microbiology. She was born May 13, 1935.

137. Millie Ballard Kendall, a "botanist of note," according to her New York Times obituary, she also accompanied her husband on a number of scientific collecting trips to Africa. She died May 13, 1935.

138. Julia Levy was an immunologist and co-discoverer of photodynamic anti-cancer and opthalmology drugs. She became a Decorated Officer of the Order of Canada in 2001 and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 1980. She received the Friesen-Rygiel Prize in 2002 for medical research from the Canadian Medical Discoveries Fund. She served as the President of the Canadian Society for Immunology 1983-85 and the Canadian Federation for Biological Science 1983-84. She was born May 15, 1935.

139. On May 16, 1935, two scientists on opposite sides of the world and in very different life science disciplines were born. Oldrich Oštádal served as President of the Czech Pneumological Society 1991-1995 and was named to the international honorary board of the Czech Medical Journal in 1992; Yukimaru Sugiyama served as President of the Primate Society of Japan in 1997 and edited the Primate Encyclopedia in 1996 (in Japanese).

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Week 20

140. Salomon Bartnicki-Garcia, fungal cell biologist, received the New York Botanical Garden Award from the Botanical Society of America in 1975, the Ruth Allen Award for Outstanding Contribution in Plant Pathology from the American Phytopathology Society in 1983, and the Louis Pasteur Medal from the Mexican Society for Microbiology in 1989. He was born May 18, 1935.

141. Thomas Sargent Reese, neuroscientist, received the C. Judson Herrik Award and the Mathilde Solowey Award. He was born May 20, 1935.

142. William Parker Cutter, founding librarian of the Bermuda Biological Station for Research and author of Rare Books and Their Values, published in 1903 by the Bibliophile Society in Boston, died on May 20, 1935.

143. On May 21, 1935, E. Horne Craigie, John W. MacArthur, Wilder G. Penfield, P.A. Taverner, and E. Gordon Young were inducted as the new Biological Sciences Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada.

144. May 21, 1935, marked the death of two significant figures: Hugo Marie De Vries, botanist and winner of the Darwin Medal in 1906 and the Linnean Gold Medal in 1929, and Jane Addams, American social worker and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931.

145. Max Cremer died on May 22, 1935. He was formerly head of the Physiological Institute of the Veterinary College in Berlin and he combined physicochemical and physiological terms to develop a formula for the velocity of the impulse in the nerve and a mathematical expression for the processes preceding excitation.

146. Two new Polish life science journals began in 1935: Fauna Slodkowodna Polski published by Polskie Towarzystwo Hydrobiologiczne and Zoologica Poloniae published by Polskie Towarzystwo zoologiczne.

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Week 21

147. The first hospital for drug addicts opened in Lexington, Kentucky, May 25, 1935.

148. Gerald Seymour Gilchrist, born May 25, 1935, received the Joseph D. Early Award from the National Hemophilia Foundation in 1997 and the Abraham Jacobi Memorial Award from the American Academy of Pediatrics in 2001 where he is also a Fellow.

149. Roger R. Taylor received the R. T. Hall Price from the Cardiac Society in 1974, the Outstanding Services Award from the Royal Perth Hospital in 1999, and the National President's Award from the National Heart Foundation in Australia. He was born May 27, 1935.

150. Adam M. Miller died May 28, 1935. He was Dean of the Long Island College of Medicine and co-author of Text-Book on Embryology, which went to five editions.

151. Sir David Prain received the Linnean Medal in 1935 from the Linnean Society of London at their meeting at the end of May.

152. Three life scientists in different disciplines were born on May 30, 1935. One was in Germany: Hermut Friedrich Warnatz, rheumatologist, received the K. Hansen Award from the Deutsche Gesellschaft Allergologie in 1969 and the Thiersch Award from the University of Erlangen in 1968. He was also awarded the Verdienstkreuz (Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany) by the Bundespresident in Bonn in 1991. The other two were in the United States. Jay L. Grosfeld served as President of the American Pediatric Surgical Association and the World Federation of Associations of Pediatric Surgeons Foundation and as Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Pediatric Surgery. He received the Denis Browne Gold Medal from the British Association of Pediatric Surgeons in 1998 and the William E. Ladd Medal by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Finally, John William Prineas received the Arthur Weil Award from the American Association of Neuropathologists in 1969 and 1975 and the Moore Award from the same organization in 1976.

153. Swiss born Alexandre Yersin did extensive research in Indonesia and China on the plague and isolated an effective serum. After additional research at the Institut Pasteur, he returned to Indochina and founded a small colonial village that later developed into the city of Dalat. In 1935, the municipal authorities opened the Lycee Yersin at Dalat in his honor.

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Week 22

154. Donald House Reid, born May 31, 1935, studied aviation and space physiology. He was awarded the Fred A. Hitchcock Award for Excellence in Aerospace Physiology in 1973.

155. Bengt Saltin was born June 3, 1935. He is a physiologist and was the first President of the European College Sport Sciences in Germany in 1995 and recipient of a citation Award from the American College of Sports Medicine in 1976.

156. John Eyres Hobbie, born June 5, 1935, received the Hutchinson Medal from the American Society for Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO) in 1983 and the Odum Prize from the Estuarine Research Foundation in 2005. He also served as President of ASLO 1984-86.

157. Joseph T. Cunningham died June 5, 1935. He was a marine zoologist and biologist; worked at the Naples Zoological Station; was director of the Ark, John Murray's floating laboratory at the Marine Research Station at Granton; Naturalist for the Marine Biological Association of the UK at both Plymouth and Grimsby and Fellow of University College. He was also author of Hormones and Heredity and Modern Biology: a review of the principal phenomena of animal life in relation to modern concepts and theories in 1928.

158. Two life scientists were born June 6, 1935. Elaine Ranker Monsen served as Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of the American Dietetic Association 1983-2003 and was a member of the editorial board of the Council of Biology Editors 1992-96. She is a Fellow of the American Society for Clinical Nutrition. Robert J Menier was decorated Chevalier Palmes Academie de France, received the Legion of Honor in the USA, and received the international Order of Merit from Cambridge. He served as President of the Societe Limousine de Medicine du Sport 1994-98.

159. There were three new botanical journals who published their first issue in 1935. These were Botanical Review published by Springer, the Morris Arboretum Bulletin of the Arboretum from the University of Pennsylvania, and the Anuario of the Sociedade Broteriana in Portugal.

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Week 23

160. On June 7, 1935, Ida C. Mann was awarded the William Mackenzie Medal for "original contributions to ophthalmology of outstanding merit."

161. Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin died June 7, 1935. He was a plant geneticist and advocated wide crosses to "shake up the heredity." He also used grafting. Later authors called their anti-Mendelian doctrine "Michurinism," so it is difficult to trace his work without that influence.

162. Two notable physicians were born on June 8, 1935. Frank Erwin Speizer received the Alton Oschner Award in 1989, the Lilienfeld Award from the American College of Epidemiology in 1998, and the Charles Mott Prize from the General Motors Fund for Cancer Research in 2001. He is also a fellow of both the American College of Epidemiology and the American College of Chest Physicians. Saulo Klahr is a fellow of the American College of Physicians. He served as President of the American Society for Renal Biochemistry and Metabolism 1982-84. He also received the Thomas Addis Award from the International Society for Renal Nutrition and Metabolism in 1996 and the Edward N. Gibbs Award from the New York Academy of Medicine in 2002.

163. Ida M Roper died June 8, 1935. She was a contributor of specimens for the British Botanical Exchange and honorary secretary and librarian of the Bristol Naturalists' Society for 19 years and the only woman president of the Society up to that time.

164. Marie Curie Avenue was dedicated by Mayor F. J. La Guardia on June 9, 1935. It was the 37th anniversary of the discovery of Radium.

165. The American Medical Association meets jointly with the Canadian Medical Association in Atlantic City beginning June 9, 1935. There were approximately 10,000 attendees at the joint 78th AMA and 68th CMA. Edward C. Kendall presented a paper on the isolation of cortisone from the adrenal cortex. In 1950 he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Tadeus Reichstein and Philip Showalter Hench who also studied adrenal gland extracts.

166. According to their history, Alcoholics Anonymous was founded in Akron, Ohio, during a talk between a New York Stockbroker and an Akron physician on June 10, 1935.

167. Charles R. Bardeen died on June 12, 1935. Due to the alphabetic order, he was the first person to receive a medical degree from Johns Hopkins. He later served as Dean of the University of Wisconsin Medical School.

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Week 24

168. There were a number of life science related Guggenheim awards in mid-June 1935. They fall into two categories: Guggenheim Fellowships in Natural Sciences and Latin American and Caribbean Guggenheim Fellowships. Three Guggenheim Fellowships in Natural Sciences were awarded. Morris Moore received a Guggenheim Fellowship in Natural Sciences for the study of Molecular & Cellular Biology. He studied the causative organisms for chromomytosis in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Werner E Bachmann's Fellowship in Natural Science was used for his research on the isolation of carcinogens and creating the fastest acting carcinogenic hydrocarbons yet known. During World War II he worked on the chemistry of penicillin, which earned him the U.S. Presidential Certificate of Merit and the King's Medal of Great Britain. William Clouser Boyd received the third Fellowship in Natural Sciences for the study of Molecular & Cellular Biology in 1935. He later discovered that blood types could be determined by testing the reaction to lectins. He also wrote Fundamentals of Immunology, which went to four editions.

Enrique Savino received a Latin American and Caribbean Guggenheim Fellowship in 1935 to study Public Health with an emphasis on epidemiology. He later continued his work on the use of sulpha pyradine on listerellosis in Buenos Aires. He also received fellowship support in 1936 and 1937. Pedro J Bermúdez Hernández was a micropaleontologist. He used his Latin American and Caribbean Fellowship to study foraminifera in the Caribbean. Téofilo Ortiz Ramirez received a Latin American and Caribbean Guggenheim Fellowship to study cardiac physiology at Harvard. He later was the General Director of the Sociedad Interamericana de Cardiologia at the Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia in Mexico City.

169. Lee R. Dice of the Museum of Zoology at the University of Michigan reported on his study of hereditary epilepsy in an American mouse, where auditory signals cause the mouse to have epileptic seizures. It was reported in Journal of Mammology v.16 in 1935. This was highly significant to the study of epilepsy.

170. Theodore Friedmann, medical geneticist, received the H.C. Jacobaeus Prize from the Nordic Research Committee in Sweden in 1995 and the Zubiran medal in 1996 and is a fellow of the AAAS. He was born June 16, 1935.

171. Charles Robertson died June 17, 1935. He was an entomologist with a series of articles entitled "Flowers and Insects" written over thirty years and appearing in such publications as Ecology and Botanical Gazette.

172. Conrad John Weiser was born June 20, 1935. He is a plant pathologist and received the Alex Lurie Award from the American Society for Horticultural Science in 1966 and the J.H. Gourley Award in 1973. He was a Fellow of the Society and served as president 1980-81. He is also a Fellow of the AAAS.

173. G. Routledge and Sons of London published two important books on very different areas of life sciences: Curt Thesing, Eden Paul and Cedar Paul's School of Biology was the first translation to English from the original German and Margaret Mead of the American Museum of Natural History had the London edition of Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies.

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Week 25

174. Alexis Carrel (Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research) and Charles A. Lindbergh (yes, that Charles Lindbergh) reported on a "life chamber" to keep a heart or other organ alive outside the body. It was the first successful equipment. Their article, "The Culture of Whole Organs" was published in Science 81:621-23, June 21, 1935.

175. The American Medical Association held its conference June 21-24, 1935. The Medical Women's National Association meets jointly and has 350 members attending. The AMA passes a measure to study birth control and the various state regulations regarding the topic.

176. The International Labour Organisation met June 22, 1935, to discuss the question of reducing the hours of work - the Forty-Hour Work Convention. It was adopted, then ratified and came into force 6/23/1957. It took that long to get approvals!

177. The Botanical Society of America begins its summer meeting in conjunction with the summer meeting of the AAAS in Minneapolis beginning June 24, 1935.

178. Two life scientists were born on June 24, 1935. Donald Thomas Krizek, a plant physiologist, authored over 200 articles in professional journals. He was a Fellow of the National Science Foundation 1962-64 and was made a Fellow of the American Society for Horticultural Science in 1990. Emilio Tresalti is a Fellow of the Societá Italiana de Igiene Medicina Preventiva e Sanita Pubblica and was named Knight commander of the Order of St. Silvester from Pope John Paul II in 1981. He also is a Knight of the Order Merito della Repubblica as designated by the President of Italy in 1985.

179. John Weinzirl died on June 26, 1935. He was a professor of bacteriology and director of the McDermott Foundation at the University of Washington. The Foundation was funded for tuberculosis research.

180. Leon Abgarovich Orbeli was a student of I. P. Pavlov and was the most prominent Soviet physiologist after Pavlov's death. Orbeli was Director of the I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. and the Institute of Evolutionary Physiology. In 1935 he was elected an active member of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. and in 1945 he was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor.

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Week 26

181. Wendall M. Stanley of the Rockefeller Institute at Princeton reports the "isolation of a crystalline protein possessing the properties of the tobacco mosaic virus," in Science 81:644, 1935. He received the Nichols Medal of the American Chemical Society and shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1946 with James B. Sumner and John H. Northrop for work on crystallization of enzymes.

182. Larry Spurgeon Roberts, born June 30, 1935, received the Henry Baldwin Ward Medal from the American Society of Parasitologists in 1971 and served as their President 1998-1999.

183. Thomas McCrae was more an educator than a physician, primarily at Johns Hopkins and then at the Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia. He served as president of the American Association of Physicians in 1930. A student of William Osler, he took on the editorship of the landmark textbook, Principles and Practice of Medicine from 1919 until his death on June 30, 1935.

184. Two organizations were founded in July 1935: the American Potash Institute and the Association of Industrial Medical Officers.

185. Henry Chandler Cowles was one of the pioneers in ecology in the U.S.A. He served as president of the Ecological Society of America in 1918 and the Botanical Society of American in 1922. He also helped found the Association of American Geographers and was president in 1910. A special double issue of Ecology was published in his honor in July of 1935.

186. Arthur George Tansley, an eminent British ecologist, was an advocate of Freudian psychoanalysis in the early 20th century. He coined the term "ecosystem" to focus on an integrated whole, as reported in the special issue of Ecology in his article, "The Use and Abuse of Vegetational Concepts and Terms," 16:284, July, 1935.

187. I. G. Ances, born July 3, 1935, is a Fellow of the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology and a charter member of the International Society for Research in Biology and Reproduction.

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Week 27

188. David Meredith Seares Watson, paleontologist, was the 1935 recipient of the Lyell Medal from the Geological Society of London and the Wollaston Medal in 1965 from the same Society. He became a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1922 and received the Darwin medal in 1942 from the Royal Society for his research on primitive fish and amphibians and the Linnean Medal in 1949 from the Linnean Society of London.

189. Shan Chen was born July 5, 1935. He received an award from the State Educational Commission of the State Science & Technology Commission on China and served as vice chairman of the Chinese Grassland Society 1980-85, Chairman of the Inner Mongolia botanical Society since 1993 and the Inner Mongolia Grassland Society since 1992.

190. Peter Oliver Behan was born July 8, 1935. He received the Pattison Medal for Research in 1985 and the International Dutch Myalgic Encephalomyelitis Award in 1995. He is a Fellow of both the American College of Physicians and the Royal College of Physicians of Scotland and Ireland.

191. Two life scientists were born on July 10, 1935. Richard Baltzan served as the President of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada in 1998. Satoshi Omura received the Hoechst-Roussel award from the American Society for Microbiology in 1985, the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan Award in 1986, the Japan Academy Prize in 1990, the Purple Ribbon medal from the Japanese government in 1992 and the Naranishi Prize in 2000, among others.

192. Emma Lucy Braun was the first woman to be elected as an officer to the Ecological Society of America when she was Vice President in 1935. She served as President in 1950.

193. The first issue of Jornal Brasileiro de Ginecologia, was published by Cidade Editora Cientifica Ltda, Brazil, in 1935.

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Week 28

194. William M Griswold, dentist, died July 13, 1935. Although trained in the USA, he practiced in Hamburg, Germany, and then in London. He was elected President of the American Dental Society of Europe; however, he died before he could start his presidential year. He was also a Fellow of the American College of Dentists.

195. Marion Dorset was especially known for his investigation of hog cholera and he developed an effective preventive serum treatment. When he received his patent on the process, he presented it to the government and public so that everyone would have access without having to pay a royalty. Dorset died July 14, 1935.

196. Elbert William Rockwood died July 17, 1935. He was the author of Laboratory Manual of Physical Chemistry and of Introduction to Chemical Analysis for Medical Students.

197. Two scientists from very different parts of the world were born on July 18, 1935. Adelola Adeloye is a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons. He served as President of the Neurosurgery Section of the Nigerian Society for Neurological Sciences in 1988, honorary president of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies, and President of the Surgical Association of Malawi 1998-2000. Lev Vladimirovitch Beloussov, Professor at Moscow State University in Russia, received the Carlo Bondi Prize from the University of Perugia in 1989.

198. Fritz Simon Bodenheimer of Germany wrote what was then considered the most authoritative work on the subject: Animal Life in Palestine: an introduction to the problems of animal ecology and zoogeography, but he was most interested in applied entomology. The book was published in 1935 in Jerusalem.

199. Haven Emerson received the Sedgwick Memorial Medal from the American Public Health Association in 1935. He was an inventor of biomedical devices and did major work on improving the iron lung. He also did extensive work in Public Health and served the Committee on Control of Communicable Diseases for about 35 years.

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Week 29

200. Three life scientists were born July 19, 1935. Fe Lee Sycip-Wale is a pediatrician and specialist in tropical medicine. She received the Albert Schweitzer Award in 1996, the Women Centennial Award Province of Negros Oriental in 1998, and the Outstanding Sillimanian Award in 2000. Manning Feinleib is a life Fellow of the AAAS and served as President of the American College of Epidemiology 1987-88. He received the Mortimer Spiegelman Gold medal in 1972 from the American Public Health Association. Walter Donald Duckworth was very active in professional associations and served as president of the American Institute of Biological Sciences 1985-86, the Entomological Society of America 1982-83, the Pacific Science Association 1987-91, and the Association of Systematic collections 1990-91. He was also Executive Director of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation 1971-84.

201. Two life scientists born July 20, 1935, include A. Jan Miodonski and Jozef (Jeff) Schell. A. Jan Miodonski was Recipient of the Cavalier Cross "Polonia Restituta" from the Polish Council of State in 1988 and the Prof. Jan Miodonski Award was named in his honor by the General Council of the Polish Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Society in 1992. Jozef (Jeff) Schell was Prof of Genetics in Gent; worked on Agrobacterium turnefaciens, which provided the basis for the biotechnology industry. He studied the molecular level of plant tumors and was the recipient of the Francqui Prize (Belgium) in 1979 and the Wolf Prize (Israel) in Agriculture in 1990. Prof. Schell died April 17, 2003.

202. Joseph Tony Wiskich, Professor Emeritus from the University of Adelaide since 2001, was elected a fellow of the Australian Academy of Sciences in 1994. He served on the editorial boards of the Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 1975-88 and Plant Physiology 1983-92. He was born July 21, 1935.

203. Helen Chambers served as consultant pathologist at the Military Hospital, Endell St., London during the First World War. This hospital was entirely staffed by women. After the war she turned to full-time cancer research and studied radiotherapy in regard to cancer of the cervix. She helped found the Marie Curie Hospital at Hampstead in 1929 and her research and the treatments provided at Marie Curie showed a marked improvement in the treatment of cervical cancer. Ironically, she died of breast cancer on July 21, 1935. The new pathology laboratory at the Hospital was named the Helen Chambers Research Laboratory when it opened in 1937.

204. Santiago Dexeus, former Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research at the University of Barcelona, served as President of the International Federation for Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy 1999-2002 and also was recognized as Honorary President of both the European Society of Gynaecologic Oncology and the Spanish Society of Cytology. He was born July 22, 1935.

205. Two life scientists died on July 24, 1935. Friedrich August Ferdinand Christian Went was a plant biologist and pathologist. He was Professor of Botany at the University of Utrecht, author of Diseases of the Sugar Cane in Java, a Fellow of the Royal Society (London) and President of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Amsterdam. Louis Francis Jermain was a physician and medical educator. He founded the Jermain Clinic in Milwaukee in 1920 and was instrumental in the merger that resulted in Marquette University School of Medicine in 1913. He served as Dean until 1926. He was adamant that students learn that their medical education was only beginning when they graduated.

206. Clarence John McCoy, Jr., born July 25, 1935, served as president of the American Society of Mammologists, Herpetologists League 1986-87 and the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles in 1972. He had a long career at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History.

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Week 30

207. Two life scientists were born July 26, 1935. Mary Margaret Herman was a member of the editorial board of the Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 1989-2003 and 2001-2008. She received the Weil Award in 1974 from the American Association of Neuropathologists. Daniel Gilbert William Côme was a French physiologist and recipient of the Chevalier Merite Agricole award from the French Ministry of Agriculture and the Chevalier Cross of Merit from the Order of the Polish Republic. He also served as the first President of the International Society for Seed Science 1999-2002.

208. Benjamin Lincoln Robinson was a botanist, curator of the Gray Herbarium at Harvard and co-editor of the 7th edition of Gray's Manual of Botany. He died July 27, 1935.

209. George Eastman Pickett was born July 28, 1935. He is a Fellow of the American College of Preventive Medicine and served as President 1985-87. He also served as President of the American Public Health Association.

210. Ivan P. Pavlov presided over the 15th International Physiological Congress in August 1935, with sessions in both Leningrad and Moscow. He had received the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1904 for his work on digestion.

211. Two books published in 1935 by Ginn and Company included Edward Loranus Rice's Introduction to biology and William Henry Brown's Plant Kingdom: a textbook of general botany.

212. The California Pacific International Exposition ran in both 1935 and again in 1936 in San Diego. This was a founding part of the complex of museums and other attractions in what is now known as Balboa Park. The Zoro Gardens was an adults only attraction in 1935, although it now houses a butterfly garden.

213. The National Association of Audubon Societies buys Bird-Lore from Frank Chapman in 1935. This is the predecessor of Audubon Magazine.

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Week 31

214. The first bird sanctuary and nature preserve in Texas opens in Austin in 1935. The W. Zilker Nature Preserve still has hiking and nature trails to this day.

215. Lydia Rabinowitsch-Kempner, former co-editor of the Zeitschrift fur Tuberkulose, and director of the Bacteriological Institute of the Moabite Hospital, Berlin, died on August 5, 1935.

216. Michael D. Benge was born on August 6, 1935. He was honored by the King of Sweden for his international work on fast-growing trees and received the J. Morton Sterling Award from the Arbor Day Foundation for his work in international forestry.

217. Hugh Simpson Tullos, Jr., was born on August 7, 1935. He held the Wilhelmina Barnhart Endowed Chair of Orthopedic Surgery as Chairman of the Department for 26 years at Baylor College of Medicine. He served on the editorial board of both the American Journal of Sports Medicine and the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. He was a founding member of the American Orthopedic Society for Sports Medicine and the International Society of the Knee.

218. Sergei Nikolaevitch Winogradsky received the 1935 Leeuwenhoek Medal for outstanding contributions to the advancement of microbiology. This Medal is only awarded every ten years from the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences (now the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences). He is numbered among the founding fathers of microbiology with Pasteur, Koch, and Beijerinck. He served as Director of the Institute of Experimental Medicine in St. Petersburg, Russia and after fleeing due to the Russian Revolution, was offered a Directorship at the Pasteur Institute in Paris where he served for 17 years. His primary research was on chemoautotrophs.

219. Two new journals started in 1935 include Current Zoology from China and Chest, which was published by the American College of Chest Physicians, USA.

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Week 32

220. Leigh Van Valen was born August 12, 1935. He spent most of his career at the University of Chicago. He served as editor of Evolutionary Theory from 1973 and Evolutionary Monographs from 1977. He also was a member of the editorial board of Molecular Evolution 1970-76 and Evolucíon Biológica beginning in 1988. He served as vice President of the Society for the Study of Evolution twice, 1973 and 1980, and as vice President of the American Society of Naturalists 1974-75.

221. Gordon Israel Kaye, born August 13, 1935, was professor emeritus in pathology from the Albany Medical College since 1999, editor of Current Topics in Cellular Anatomy in 1981, Associate Editor of Anatomical Record 1972-98 and recipient of the Tousimis Prize in Biology in 1984. He was also a member of a variety of professional organizations including the American Biological Safety Association,the Society for Electron Microscopists, the American Society of Cell Biology, and the American Association of Anatomists.

222. On August 14, 1935, the "Social Security Act is approved [by the U. S. Congress]. It does not include compulsory insurance due to AMA influence." This was from the AMA website searched 1/3/10.

223. Two life scientists born on August 15, 1935, were John Marius Opitz and Robert O. Wagner. Opitz was a clinical geneticist and pediatrician and Recipient of the Pool of Bethesda award for excellence in mental retardation research in 1988, the Col. Harlan Sanders Lifetime Achievement award for work in the field of genetic sciences from the March of Dimes, the Purkinje Medal from the Czech Society of Medicine, the Mendel Medal from the Czech Society of Medical Genetics in 1996, and the International Prize from Phoenix-Anni Verdi for Genetic Research in 1996. Wagner was Asst. Director of Mesker Park Zoo, Evansville, IN; Director of the Washington Park Zoo, Michigan City, IN; and Director of Jackson Zoological Park, Jackson, MS. He was the 1994 winner of the R. Marlin Perkins Award and one of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) incorporators and later Chief Execuive of the AZA.

224. The American Medical Womens' Association celebrates its 20 years anniversary in 1935.

225. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft publishes Tiergeographie des meeres by Sven Ekman in 1935.

226. Two new botanical journals in 1935 included Yaso published by the Yagai Shokubutsu Kenkyukai in Japan and Flore Illustree des Champignons d'Afrique Centrale published by the Jardin Botanique National de Belgique.

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Week 33

227. Rudolph Schoenheimer and David Rittenberg of Columbia University used deuterium as a tracer to label food components that could then be traced to understand food metabolism in rats, reported in Science v.82:156-157, August 16, 1935.

228. Franklin Story Musgrave, retired NASA astronaut, worked in aerospace medicine and has earned seven graduate degrees: mathematics, computer science, chemistry, medicine, physiology, literature, and psychology. He has written over two dozen articles in the areas of aerospace medicine and physiology, exercise physiology, temperature regulation, and surgery. He was inducted into the Astronaut Hall of Fame in 2010.

229. Two men who had an impact in very different areas of life sciences died on August 20, 1935. John Mann was a physician and one of the founders of Nassau Hospital in Mineola, NY. Reginald Macleod, chief of the Clan Macleod, sold islet St. Kilda of the Outer Hebrides to an ornithologist for a bird refuge, which is used as a sanctuary for sea birds.

230. Robert Clar Summerfelt, born August 21, 1935, was an animal ecologist and Fellow of the American Institute of Fishery Research Biologists. He served as President of the Education Section of the American Fisheries Society 1981-82.

231. Two life scientists were born on August 22, 1935. Christopher James Chetsanga served as Chairman of the Research Council of Zimbabwe 1988-92 and is a Fellow of the African Academy of Sciences. Robert John North, born in Australia, received the Friedrich Sasse Science Prize in 1984, was a member of the editorial board of the Journal of Experimental Medicine, and served as President of the Reticuloendothelial Society in 1983.

232. Rhoda Erdmann was Director of the Institute for Experimental Cytology at Berlin University and founder and editor of the Archiv fur Experimentelle Zellforschung and instrumental in the founding of the International Society for Experimental Cytology.

233. Two books of interest that were published in 1935 include Conrad Hal Waddington's How Animals Develop, published in London by Allen and Unwin and Anatomy of the Cat went to its 3rd and enlarged edition. It was by Jacob Reighard, H.S. Jennings ,and Rush Elliott and published in New York by Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

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Week 34

234. Peter H. Benson was born August 25, 1935. He served as editor of the Journal of Applied Phycology in 1989 and was a Fellow of the Allan Hancock Foundation, Los Angeles, 1965-1968. Dr. Benson died July 16, 2007.

235. Holger Nielsen was a Danish sports inspector who developed a new method for artificial respiration reported in 1932 in Ugeskrift fur Laeger 94:1201, 1932. His method was tested by Prof. Krogh was found to be 41% better in improving breath efficiency. Nielsen's arm lift was later added to the previous Schäefer method of prone pressure for the Drinker combined method reported in Journal of Industrial Hygiene 17:243-246, November, 1935, by C.K. Drinker and L.A. Shaw; however, Nielsen's technique was the preferred method in Scandinavia for abouttwenty years after the first report even though it was known in the US and eventually considered the best manual technique, particularly for the ease of teaching it to a lay person (F.D. McHugh in Scientific American 154:17, January 1936 and Jane Stafford in Science News-Letter 64:282-283, October 31, 1953).

236. Charles Willis Garrison was a very active health official in Arkansas before his death August 26, 1935. His efforts led to the creation of county health units in every county of the state by 1933. He also served as one of two American delegates to the League of Nations Health Conference and served as president of the Conference of State and Provincial Health Authorities of North America in 1931.

237. Marjorie Eileen Courtenay-Latimer had been hired, with nearly no background, as Curator of the new East London Museum in East London, South Africa in 1931. In 1935 she and Eric Wilson excavate an almost complete fossil skeleton of the dicynodont Kannemeyeria simocephalus. She was a voracious collector for her Museum, but it was the call in 1938 from a fisherman to see an "unusual" item in his catch that really put her on the map. Unable to identify it, she had to have it preserved with taxidermy because no one was available to help her. In 1939 the fish was identified as a "coelacanth," long thought to be extinct. She spent her career at the Museum and died at the age of 97.

238. In 1935, John Tyson founds Tyson Foods in Arkansas. It is now one of the largest food production companies in the Fortune 500.

239. Two new journals in medicine began in Canada in 1935. The Alberta Medical Association began publishing Alberta Medical Bulletin and Health Care Communications, Canada, started publishing Canadian Doctor. The first title ceased in 1976; the second is listed as "unresolved" in Ulrichs.

240. August Albert De Hertogh was named to the Floriculture Hall of Fame from the Society of American Florists in 1988, received the medal of Honor from the Netherlands Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries in 1985, the Nicholaas Dames Golden Medal from that named Foundation in the Netherlands in 1990, and the Herbert Medal from the International Bulb Society in 2000, all for his work on flowering bulbs. He was a Fellow of the American Society for Horticultural Science and served in a variety of roles for the organization, including associate Editor of their journal 1973-76 and as Chairman 1985-86. He was born August 24, 1910.

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241. Noted marine scientist, Sylvia A. Earle, was born August 30, 1935. She served as a Chief Scientist of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. She received the Conservation Services award from the USA Dept. of Interior in 1970, the Nogi Award from the Underwater Society of America in 1976, the Order of the Golden Ark from the Prince of the Netherlands in 1980, the Pacon International Award in 1992, the Charles A. and Ann Morrow Lindbergh Award in 1966 and was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 2000.

242. John Elliott Dowling served as President of the Marine Biological Laboratory 1998-2007 (Massachusetts), had professorial experience at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Baltimore, and held the Maria Moors Cabot Professorship in Natural Sciences at Harvard University 1987-2001 and the Llura and Gordon Gund professorship in Neuroscience beginning in 2001. He received the Prentice Medal from the American Academy of Optometry in 1991, the Von Allman Prize in 1992, the Helen Keller Prize for Vision Research in 2000, and the Paul Kayser International Award for Retina Research in 2008.

243. As a young zoologist at McGill University, Vero Copner Wynne-Edwards won the Walker Prize from the Boston Society of Natural History for his article, "On the Habits and Distribution of Birds on the North Atlantic," published in the Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 40:233, 1935.

244. Belgian physiologist Léon Fredericq was most known for his work on physiology, nervous physiology of sea urchins early in his career and later cardiac physiology in mammals. He died September 2, 1935. He was recognized by Albert I, King of the Belgians, who made him a baron in 1931.

245. Four distinguished life scientists were born on September 4, 1935.

• Robert G. Luke is a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and serves as Chair of the Board of Regents of the American College of Physicians for 2010, was President of the American Society of Nephrology 1996-97 and of the American Clinical and Climatological Association in 2006.
• Richard M. Dauphinais, Fellow of the College of American Pathologists, was President of the Clinical Ligand Assay Society 1983-84 and of the Rhode Island Society of Pathologists 1998-99.
• Vincent Thomas Marchesi, biochemist, served as Editor-in-chief of FASEB Journal 1996-2005 and also served as editor of Laboratory Investigation 1997-2003 and is currently a contributing editor of Blood, Cells, Molecules, & Diseases.
• Johannes C.G. Ottow, microbiologist, was editor-in-chief of Biology and Fertility of Soils 1985-2000. He was on the Executive Council of the German Soil Science Society (Deutsche Bodenkundliche Gesellschaft) 1978-86 and served on the executive committee 1986-90 of the International Society of Soil Science.

246. Three distinguished life scientists were born in three different parts of the world on September 5, 1935.

• Lawrence W Davis, radiation oncologist, received the Gold Medal from the American College of Radiology in 2008 and is a Fellow in both the American Cancer Society and the American College of Radiology. He was President of the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology 1987-88.
• Francisco Bruno Giannelli was Editor of Advances in Genetics and received the Feltrinelli Prize in Medicine in 1994. It is given only every five years by the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei in Italy. He is also a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians.
• Jose C. Zaidenweber was co-founder of the Mexican Chapter of International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, which organization received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1985.

247. Two significant event in EEG technology happened in 1935. Albert Grass founds Grass Instruments (later Asto-Med's Grass-Telefactor product group). In 1935 he develops the first commercially successful electroencephalograph. Also in 1935 Lee E. Travis leads the team at a University of Iowa laboratory which is the first to record human electroencephalograph (EEG) activity.

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248. On September 6, 1935, Oxford University receives a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation for 500 pounds per year for five years to research the application of mathematical analysis to biological problems. It is awarded to Dorothy Wrinch to continue her work on the relationship between chromosomes and protein aggregates.

249. The International Congress of Entomology begins its 6th conference in Madrid, Spain, on September 6, 1935.

250. Chatrchai Watanakunakorn was born September 6, 1935. He was a consulting Editor of the American Journal of Medicine in 1977-78, member of the Editorial Board for Infections in Medicine beginning in 1985, and Editor of Abstracts in Infectious Disease 1991-93. He is a Fellow of the American College of Physicians and received the 1995 Distinguished International Physician Award from the American College of International Physicians.

251. The British Medical Association begins its 103rd Annual Meeting in Melbourne, Australia, on September 9, 1935.

252. Two life scientists were born on opposite sides of the Atlantic on September 11, 1935. Alberto Malliani is a Fellow of the European Federation of Internal Medicine, the American College of Physicians, and the American Society of Internal Medicine. He also served a term as President of the Italian Society of Internal Medicine. Richard Isaac Mateles is a Fellow of the American institute for Medical and Biological Engineering. He served as Editor of the Journal for Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 1972-2008.

253. Juan Antillon Jaramillo, born September 12, 1935, is Emeritus Professor from the University of Costa Rica since 2001. He served as Chairman of the Costa Rica National Academy of Medicine 1996-2002 and received a Distinguished Service Award from the International Health and Medical Education Consortium of the U.S. and Canada in 1998.

254. Salvador E. Luria received his M.D. summa cum laude in 1935 and received the Lepetit Prize the same year. In 1965 he received the Lenghi prize from the Accademia dei Lincei. He shared the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Max Delbruck and Alfred D. Hershey. He also was active in professional organizations and served as President of the American Society for Microbiology 1967-68.

255. Two journals dealing with women's medical care were started in South America. The Jornal Brasileiro de Ginecologia published by Cidade Editora Cientifica Ltda, Brazil ceased in 1988; however, Revista Chilena de Obstricia y Ginecologia published by the Sociedad Chilena de Obstricia y Ginecologia is still active.

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256. Two life scientists were born September 13, 1935. Raymond F. Gasser served on the faculty of the Louisiana State University School of Medicine for 33 years teaching anatomy and cell biology. He served on the Editorial Boards of both the Anatomical Record and Clinical Anatomy. A member of the American Association of Clinical Anatomy since the organization started, he was selected their Honored Member for 2010. John Clarence Parker was a biological research consultant. He was born September 13, 1935, and died November 18, 2005. During his career he was Associate Editor for the Journal of the American Association of Laboratory Animal Science from 1976-1987 and received their Charles A Griffin Award in 1979. He also belonged to the American Society for Microbiology and the Federation of the American Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.

257. Akhiro Kurishima, born September 14, 1935, was Editor of Japanese Journal of Physiology 1995-, on the Board of Directors of the Japan Society for Adaptation Medicine 1996-2001 and Chair 2001-2003, and on the Board of the Physiological Society of Japan and the Japanese Society for Biometerology in 1985. He was also vice-president of the International Society of Adaptive Medicine in 1990.

258. September 15, 1935, was significant for life sciences. First, Canadian ornithologist Richard Brown was born this date. He won a book prize from Outdoor Writers of Canada and Canadian Sportsmen's Show in 1983 for his Voyage of the Iceberg. Second, the International Congress of Zoology begins its 12th conference in Lisbon, Portugal. Third, C S Beck accomplishes the first operation to vascularize heart muscle in patients with angina pectoris, as reported in "The development of a new blood supply to the heart by operation," Annals of Surgery 102:801, 1935.

259. Two significant scientists were born September 16, 1935. Adriano De Guzman de la Paz served on the Editorial Boards for the Journal of the Philippine Medical Association, the Philippine Journal of Cardiology, and Philippine Journal of Nephrology. He was a Fellow of the Philippine College of Physicians, for which he served as President 1981-81. He also was President of the Philippine College of Cardiology 1982-83, the Philippine Society of Nephrology 1984-86, and the Rizal Medical Society 1972-73. Albert Eicker received a Medal for Exceptional Achievement from the University of Pretoria in 1990, was President of the South Africa Association of Botanists in 1969, and was vice-president of the Africa Association for Mycology and Biotechnology in 1993.

260. September 17, 1935, is noted for multiple events.

• Hugh H. Brogan, librarian of the scientific library of the U. S. Patent Office, died on that date.
• Nina Strömgren Allen was born on that date. She was on the Editorial Board of Cell Motility 1980-85, BioTechniques 1989-98 and the Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology beginning in 1995. She also was founding Editor of the series Plant Biology. She is a Fellow of AAAS and became a Fellow of the Royal Microscopical Society in 1985.
• Dr. von Hagen wanted to erect a monument on Isla San Cristóbal on September 17th, 1935, to commemorate the hundredth anniversary of Darwin's visit to the island, his first stop in Galápagos. He had already arranged for a bronze plaque with an inscription written by Darwin's son, Major Leonard Darwin, and had also written to Dr. Robert Cushman Murphy at the Museum to see if it would be possible to get a plaster cast of Couper's bronze bust. The Museum made the necessary arrangements a few months later, and in fact had two casts made by E. Gargani & Sons in New York. The casts were delivered to the Museum on May 9th, and one of them was sent to von Hagen, for which he was billed $60 (plus shipping). The bust was shipped to Guayaquil and from there von Hagen had it sent up to Quito, where a local artist (name unknown) used it to create a mold for a new bust of poured concrete. Bronze filings were mixed into the concrete in the hope that this would give the bust a bronze-like patina. The purpose and location of the second plaster cast are unknown. The Galápagos Darwin Monument is now on the grounds of an Ecuadorian Naval Base, so it is not readily accessible to tourists.

261. Born September 18, 1935, Debhanom Muangman was Editor of the Thai Journal of Public Health 1968-90 and served as President of multiple organizations, including the Psychologic Research Association of Thailand in 1994, the Mind Science Institute in 1996, and the Fertility Research Association 1983-87. He also served on the Board of Directors of the National Research Council of Thailand beginning in 2000.

262. Two physicians born September 19, 1935, are Donald Overton Castell and João Augusto Máttar, Jr. Castell served as President of the American Gastroenterology Association 1998-99 and had the June and Donald O. Castell Esophageal Clinical Research Award named in his and his wife's honor in 2000. He received their Distinguished Educator Award in 2001. Máttar served on the Editorial Boards of Critical Care Medicine in 1989-90 and Acute Care in 1983. He was Founder and First President of the São Paulo Critical Care Society in 1977 and a founding member of the Brazilian Critical Care Society in 1982.

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263. September 20, 1935, includes both a birth and a death of a life scientist. Richard Dean Allen was born. He served as Editor of Protoplasma beginning 1990, and served on the Editorial Boards for the European Journal of Cell Biology in 1975-86, and for the Journal of Protozoology and the Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. He is a Fellow of the AAAS and a member of the Society for Protozoologists, where he received the Hutner Prize in 1978 and served as President 1981-82. Walter Hough died on this date. He was senior staff at the United States National Museum, serving as head Curator of the Department of Anthropology.

264. Robert Nicol Traquair Thin was born September 21, 1935. He served as Editor of the British Journal of Venereal Diseases 1975-80; was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine, the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, and the Royal College of Physicians of London. He was also founding Chairman of the Association for Genitourinary Medicine 1992-97 and President of the Medical Society for the Study of Venereal Diseases 1987-89.

265. Two academic life scientists were born September 22, 1935. Professor of zoology at the University of Aberdeen 1975-79 and vice-Chancellor and Warden of the University of Durham 1980-90, Prof. Sir Frederick Holliday, CBE, FRSE, was Chairman of the Nature Conservancy Council 1977-80, and became vice-President of the Scottish Wildlife Trust in 1980. He served as President of the Freshwater Biological Association 1995-99 and President of the British Trust for Ornithology 1997-2002. Kathleen Gainor Andreoli, Emeritus Dean of Rush University College of Nursing, with an extensive career in nursing education, was a Fellow of the American Academy of Nursing and a member of numerous nursing associations and nursing sections of broader organizations, such as the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Nursing.

266. Diplomat of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Alan Edward Rainess served as President of the American Society of Psychoanalytic Physicians 1994-95 and of the Uniformed Services Society of Neurologists 1984-85. He is also a Fellow of the American Psychiatric Association. He was born September 24, 1935.

267. September 25, 1935, was the birth date for life scientists from three different countries: England, Mexico, and Israel. Bashir Ahmad Qureshi was elected a Fellow of the Royal College of Pediatrics and Child Health in 2006 and a Fellow of the Royal College of General Practitioners, for which he served on the Council three times. He served as President of the General Practice Section of the Royal Society of Medicine 2000-2001. He is also the author of Transcultural Medicine. Abel Archundia-García, heart surgeon in Mexico, received a National Prize of Experimental Surgery from the Asamblea National de Cirujanos in Mexico in 1973. Michael Torten received the Zur Award from the Israel Ministry of Agriculture in 1975 and was made an Honorary Diplomate of the American Veterinary Epidemiology Society in 1985. He also served as Editor-in-Chief of the Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine 1985-88.

268. The Public Welfare Medals from the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 1935 were presented to F. F. Russell, Major in the U.S. Army for his work on preventing typhoid in the Army and Navy and Hugh S. Cumming for his work in the etiology of yellow fever.

269. The year 1935 was significant for three states in preserving natural areas. The Florida Park Service was created by the State Legislature in 1935 and opened their first State Parks: Myakka River, Hillsborough River, Torreya, and Gold Head Branch State Parks. They celebrate their 75th anniversary in 2010. The Bergen Swamp Preservation Society was established in 1935 to preserve the Bergen-Byron Swamp in western New York state. In 1964 this became one of the first National Natural Landmarks. It is privately owned. Finally, The Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge was added to the National Wildlife Refuge System in 1935.

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270. Fritz Zernike of Groningen, Holland reported the first phase contrast microscope, "The phase contrast process in microscopic examinations," in Physikalische Zeitschrift v.36:848, 1935. He received the Nobel Prize In Physiology in 1953 for his discovery.

271. Gerrit P. Wilder, who died September 29, 1935, was a botanist at the Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii, and author of Fruits of the Hawaiian Islands, Flora of Rarotonga, The Flora of Makatea, among others.

272. Two life scientist born on October 1, 1935, were Melvin Mayer Scheinman and Baldev Krishan Vig. Scheinman was a Fellow of the American College of Physicians and received the Paul Dudley White Citation in 1978 from the American Heart Association. Vig spent most of his career at the University of Nevada at Reno working in the area of genetics. He received numerous fellowships from organizations including the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst, the Gemeran Cancer Research Center and the University of Wurzburg.

273. . Thomas Francis, Jr. and Thomas P. Magill of the Rockefeller Institute successfully infected mice with a sample of influenza virus and proved that the virus can grow. This was reported in "Immunological studies with the virus of influenze," Journal of Experimental Medicine v.62:505, 1935.

274. Three life scientists were born on October 3, 1935. They were Fred Rosner, Leonid Ivanovich Frantsevich, and Kenneth Alan Bennett. Rosner is a Fellow of the International Society of Hematology, the American College of Physicians, and the New York Academy of Medicine. He also served as Editor-in-Chief of Cancer Bulletin 1976-78. Frantsevich received the Decorated Order of Honour from the Praesidium of the Supreme Soviet, USSR, in 1989. He spent most of his career at the Institute of Zoology in Kiev. Bennett was author of Fundamentals of Biological Anthropology, among other works and served as Editor of the Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 1976-81, contributing Editor of Social Biology 1981-1987, and Editor and reviewer of Human Biology 1981-87.

275. Two books from 1935 reflect an interest in tropical medicine. Damaso de Rivas and Carlos T de Rivas had Clinical Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, published by Lea & Febiger in Philadelphia. The 10th rev. edition of Manson's Tropical Diseases: a Manual of the Diseases of Warm Climates by Sir Philip Henry Manson-Bahr and Sir Patrick Manson was published in London by Baillire, Tindall & Cassell.

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276. Edgar Thurston died October 5, 1935. He was formerly superintendent for the Government Museum in Madras, expanding the scope of the museum and contributing frequently to their Bulletin.

277. Ronald Duncan Hunt, born October 9, 1935, is Emeritus Professor of Comparative Pathology from Harvard University since 1999. He served on Editorial Boards for Lab Animal Medicine beginning in 1969, the Journal of Medical Primatology beginning 1977, the Journal of the International Life Sciences Institute beginning 1981, and the American Journal of Veterinary Research 1978-80.

278. Archibald Thorburn died October 9, 1935. He was illustrator and author of Review of British Birds, British Mammals and an Atlas of European Birds with Georges Thalmann.

279. Two life scientists were born on October 10, 1935. Antonio Marion Gotto, Jr., served as Dean of Weill Medical College of Cornell University and was Decorated Knight Order of Merit in Italy,received the Order of the Lion in Finland, and received the Albert Weinstein Prize in 1965 and the Seale Harris Award from the Southern Medical Association in 1995. David Delmar Beatty was a Canadian comparative physiologist and author of Biochemistry of Fish Visual Pigment and Physiology of Fish.

280. Sir Frederick Conway Dwyer served as President of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland. He died October 10, 1935.

281. The Order Confirmation Act was passed in 1935 to preserve Scotland's natural and cultural heritage. One of the first places to be managed by the Trust was Glencoe with its mountain environment. It is in the National Trust's Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty. Percy Unna, President of the Scottish Mountaineering Club led the fundraising to purchase the Glencoe and Dolness estates to preserve the home of Scottish mountaineering. The guidelines that Unna proposed have grown to be the Trust's guidelines for Wild Lands.

282. Four new journals started in 1935 by publishers in the U.K. They were Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases from the BMJ Group, UK; Balance from Diabetes UK; Recent Advances in Otolaryngology from Churchill Livingston; and the Annual Report of the British Trust for Ornithology.

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283. Fergusson Escombe, who died October 12, 1935, co-authored Note on the influence of very low temperatures on the germinative power of seeds, published by Harrison & sons in London, with Horace T Brown in 1898. This was a classic work that studied the effect of refrigeration on seeds. He also wrote other papers published in the Royal Society Proceedings and their Philosophical Transactions.

284. Two life scientists born October 16, 1935 were Eugene Rosenberg and Jaime Eyzaguirre. After his NIH postdoc at Cambridge, England, Rosenberg started his career at the University of California at Los Angeles, but he finished at Tel Aviv University. He was a Guggenheim Foundation Fellow 1983-84, received the Pan Lab award from the Society for Industrial Microbiology in 1992, and the Israel Prize for a Cleaner Israel in 1994. Eyzaguirre received a Humboldt Foundation fellowship 1965-66 and served as President of the Chile Society for Biochemistry 1976-78 and is a Professor at Catholic University in Chile.

285. David Michael Young, born October 17, 1935, died in 2008. He had a distinguished career including service at Johns Hopkins University and Harvard University Medical School. He served as Editor in Chief of the Journal of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry beginning in 1983, and was a Fellow of the AAAS.

286. Sir J. Graham Kerr, first working in natural history with lungfishes, was a zoologist for much of his career. He served as President of the Scottish Marine Biological Association in 1949, was elected Conservative member of Parliament for the Scottish universities in 1935, and received the Linnean Medal in 1955 from the Linnean Society of London.

287. According to the ANA website, in 1935 the "American Nurses Association appointed a committee to study health insurance proposals and programs and their implications for the nursing profession."

288. Four new journals in the life and health sciences started publishing in Japan in 1935. They were Ecological Review published by Tohoku University; Circulation Journal published by the Japanese Circulation Society; the general medicine title, Nihon Onsen Kiko Butsuri Igakkai Zasshi published by Nihon Onsen Kiko Butsuri Igakkai; and the pediatrics title, Shonika Shinryo published by Shindand to Chiryosha.

289. Two books used as textbooks were published in 1935. Frank G Sarel Whitfield and Arthur Hugh Wood's Introduction to Comparative Zoology: a text-book for medical and science students published by Blakiston's in Philadelphia and J. & A. Churchill, Ltd., in London and Sir William Osler and Thomas McCrae's Principles and Practice of Medicine, designed for the use of practitioners and students of medicine, 12th ed, rev., was published by D. Appleton-Century in New York and London.

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290. Two notable life scientists were born October 18, 1935. Hector Norberto Torres served as representative from the Asociacion Argentina para el Progreso de las Ciencias to AAAS as part of their Consortium of Affiliates for International Programs. He received a Guggenheim Memorial Foundation fellowship in 1975. D. James Morré was one of the editors of Cancer-cell Organelle. He was a recipient of a Senior Scientist Award from the WHO 1976, a Senior U.S. Scientist Award from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in 1984, and was honored as the Tage Erlander Professor for Sweden from the Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet).

291. There were three notable life scientists born on October 19, 1935. Mordecai P. Blaustein was a Fellow of the AAAS, on the Council for the American Physiology Society 1992-1995, and President of the Association of Chairmen of Departments of Physiology 1998. He received the Cardiovascular Award from the Robert J. and Claire Pasarow Foundation in 1990 and a Humboldt Sr. U.S. Scientist Award in 1993. Charles Cavanaugh Hancock, Jr., was General Secretary of the 17th Congress of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Executive Officer of the American Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in 1979 and a member of the Council of Science Editors. Subhash Chandra Arya served on the advisory Board for the Society for Research on Haematology, Calcutta, in 1988 and was a member of the expert Advisory Panel on Biologicals for WHO 1977-84.

292. Two noted life scientists died on October 19, 1935. Anna Hamilton was Directress of the Florence Nightingale School of Nursing, Bordeaux, France, and Archibald P Knight was Professor Emeritus of Biology at Queen's University and Chairman of the Biological Board of Canada.

293. Herbert L. Stoddard, received the William Brewster Memorial Medal from the American Ornithologists' Union at their 85th Stated Meeting, October 21-24, 1935, in Toronto. Stoddard was a self-educated naturalist and conservationist and published the most comprehensive study of quail in 1931: The Bobwhite Quail: its habits, preservation, and increase.

294. Also on October 21, 1935, the League of Nations accepts the report of the Malaria Commission to coordinate studies and report on new methods of treatment and begins plans for third International Malaria Congress.

295. There was a life scientist born and a life scientist who died on October 22, 1935. Weifeng Chen was born on that date. He was Professor of Immunology in Beijing and Associate Editor-in-Chief of Cellular and Molecular Immunology. He died January 26, 2009. He was President of the Chinese Society of Immunology in 2006, Vice President of the Federation of Immunology Societies of Asia-Oceania 1992-2000, and elected a Fellow of the Chinese Academy of Science in 1995. He received the 2008 Lifetime Achievement Award from the Chinese Society of Immunology. Harry Schelwaldt Swarth died in 1935. He was an ornithologist, associate Editor of The Condor, worked at the Field Museum, the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology at the University of California and the Museum of History, Science and Arts, at Los Angeles. He was a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the American Ornithologists' Union.

296. Ettore Marchiafava, physician and anatomist with extensive work in parasitology, died October 23, 1935. The Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome was named for him, which is an alteration of nerve fibers due to chronic alcoholism.

297. October 24, 1935, was the date for the Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine. Hans Spemann from the University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany, received the Prize for his discovery of the organizer effect in embryonic development by the study of frog eggs. Although Hilde Mangold had died prior to 1935, there was some controversy in Spemann being the sole recipient of the Nobel prize; however, the Nobel can only be awarded to a living person. Mangold's experimental evidence paved the way for Spemann's work.

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298. Leo Loeb worked on tissue and tumor growth and the study of cancer. He received the John Phillips Memorial Award for Outstanding Work in Clinical Medicine in October 1935 at the Convocation of the American College of Physicians.

299. Ora Mendelsohn Rosen was born October 26, 1935. She received the Mather Award from Columbia University in 1981 and the Freedberg Award from the New York Academy of Sciences in 1984. She is a Fellow of the American College of Physicians.

300. Anna Laura Hintze died on October 27, 1935. She had been Assistant Professor of physiology and hygiene at Goucher College and also a former member of the staff of the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory at Solomon's Island, MD.

301. Francis John Marousky was born October 28, 1935. He is a Fellow of the American Society for Horticultural Science and served as Vice-President of the Florida State Horticultural Society 1974-75.

302. Dov Jaron was born October 28, 1935. He is a Fellow of AAAS, served as President of the International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering 2000-2003 and the Engineering in Medicine and Biology section of IEEE 1986-87.

303. Warren Glenford Kinzey was born October 31, 1935. He was a biological anthropologist with a focus on primates. He was a Fellow of the American Anthropological Association and served as Program Editor for biological anthropology 1983-87. He was Consulting Editor of the American Journal of Primatology 1984-94 and Associate Editor of the American Journal of Physical Anthropology 1986-90 and served as Chair of the Anthropology Section of the New York Academy of Sciences 1987-88.

304. This item will note five books that were published in 1935.

• Carroll William Dodge was the author of Medical mycology; fungous diseases of men and other mammals, published by C. V. Mosby, St. Louis, MO.
• Frederick Parker Gay's most significant work was Agents of Disease and Host Resistance, including the principles of immunology, bacteriology, mycology, protozoology, parasitology and virus diseases, published by C. C. Thomas, Springfield, IL.
• Wilhelm Kolle, Heinrich Hetsch, Dagny Erikson and J W H Eyre produced Experimental bacteriology : in its applications to the diagnosis, epidemiology, and immunology of infectious diseases, the English language version based on 7th rev. German original, published by Macmillan in New York.
• Black's veterinary dictionary, 2nd ed rev and enl., by William C. Miller was published by Black in London.
• David Wechsler wrote Range of human capacities, which was published by Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD.

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305. Jack David Barchas, psychiatrist, was born November 2, 1935. He was a recipient of the Bennett Research Award and Lifetime Achievement Award from the Society of Biological Psychiatry, Efron Research Award from the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, and the Thomas William Salmon Medal from the New York Academy of Medicine.

306. During this week in 1935 the American College of Surgeons meets in San Francisco for its 25th Clinical Congress. Among the reports heard at the conference are papers on on high blood pressure, stomach ulcers, and the effects of cortin on personality.

307. There was a loss and a gain on November 3, 1935. Kurt Norstrom was born on that date. He is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Sciences at Uppsala, and served as President of the Swedish Society for Microbiology 1984-88. He was also Editor of Plasmid Journal 1981-89. The loss on that date was L. L. Funk. He was a Chicago dentist and known as the inventor of pressure anaesthesia for the extraction of live nerves.

308. Jerome Charles Goldstein, born November 4, 1935, was very active in professional associations and served as President of the American Society for Head and Neck Surgery 1982-83; Founding President 1993-95 and President 1999-200 of the National Association of Physicians for the Environment; and President of the Pan Pacific Surgical Association 2004-2006.

309. Carroll Edward Cross was born November 5, 1935. He was a member of the Editorial Board for both Experimental Lung Research and the Archives of Environmental Health beginning in 1979. He also received the Joan Oettinger Memorial Research Award for excellence in cancer or lung disease research in 1977 from the University of California at Davis.

310. Significant items regarding two well known paleontologists occurred in 1935. Henry Fairfield Osborn died on November 6, 1935. He was an American paleontologist, served at American Museum of Natural History and U.S. Geological Survey, author of the textbook The Age of Mammals, recipient of the Darwin Medal of the Royal Society of London, the Wollaston Medal of the Geological Society of London, the Prix Albert Gaudry from the Geological Society of France and former president of the New York Academy of Sciences, the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the New York Zoological Society. Edwin H. Colbert, also an American, received the Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal for meritorious work in zoology or paleontology for work published in the previous 3-5 year period from the National Academy of Sciences. Colbert is best known for his work in paleontology and his competition with Henry Osborn.

311. Two life scientists were born on November 6, 1935. David T. Wong, born in Hong Kong, had a distinguished career in biochemistry with Lilly Research Labs. He received the Scientist of the Year Presidential Award from the Chinese Neurosciences Society in 1991; an Excellence Award from the Asian American Alliance, Inc,. in 2002; and the Distinguished Scientist Award for Drug Discovery in 2004 from the Society of Chinese Bioscientists of America. Leon L. Wheeless, Jr, served as President of two organizations: the International Society for Analytical Cytology 1982-84 and the Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 1974-75. He also received a Centennial Award from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for outstanding contributions to biomedical engineering.

312. Ray L. Pawley was born November 7, 1935. He was formerly a curator of the Brookfield Zoo in Chicago, Illinois, and he served as President of the International Herpetological Symposium in 1996.

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Week 45

313. Joseph Francis Fitzgerald, born November 8, 1935, is a Fellow of the American Academy of Pediatrics. He received the Distinguished Clinician Award from the American Gastroenterology Association and was Man of the Year for the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation. He also received a Distinguished Service Award from the North American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Hepatology, and Nutrition. In addition he served as a member of the Editorial Board for both Pediatrics and Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.

314. On November 9, 1935, Thomas Hunt Morgan of California Institute of Technology (CalTech), the 1933 Nobel prize winner for discoveries concerning functions of chromosomes and genes was given an honorary Doctor of Science degree by the University of Paris.

315. Alan Ernest Stiven, born November 12, 1935, served as Editor of Ecology and Ecological Monographs 1967-73 and was on the Editorial Board of the Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 1967-71.

316. Joseph Schulman, born on an unconfirmed date in 1935, is former President and Chief Scientist of the Alfred Mann Foundation devoted to advanced medical products to "provide significant improvements to the health, security, and quality of life for people suffering from debilitating medical conditions." These include pacemakers, glucose sensors, and cochlear implants. He has over 80 patents and has authored numerous papers, primarily in biomedical engineering.

317. A number of new serials started in the clinical areas. Six of them are noted here as coming out of Europe. La Clinica was published by Cappelli Editore in Italy. A second new title out of Italy was Res Medicae published by Fatebenefratelli. The third one was Minerva Anestesiologica published by Edizioni Minerva Medica. Fiches Medicales came from Editions SIM in France. Kliniske Tandteknikere, a dentistry title that ceased in 2004, was published by Lansforeningen af Kliniske Tandteknikere in Denmark. Finally, and using Europe as a loose geographic designation, Arkhiv Patologii was published by Izdatel'stvo Meditsina of the Russian Federation.

318. There were seven clinical titles started in 1935 outside of the European countries, but they are more scattered geographically. Two titles were from Argentina. They were Anales de Cirugia, published by a company of the same name and Revista Argentina del Torax by the Liga Argentina contra la Tuberculosis. Two were from India. They were Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology published by Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd., and Indian Journal of Medicine & Surgery from KC Kapoor. In addition, Asociacion Mexicana de Gastroenterologia in Mexico started Revista de Gastroenterologia de Mexico; the Arthritis Foundation, USA, started Rheumatism Review; and Witwatersrand Univ. Pr. started South African Journal of Medical Sciences.

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Week 46

319. Continuing on the journals theme from last week, there were three more titles that started in 1935 in medically related areas. The National Rehabilitation Association, Washington, DC, started publishing Journal of rehabilitation; Johann Ambrosius Barth Verlag of East Germany started the occupational health title, Arbeitsmedizin: Abhandlungen ueber Berufskrankheiten und deren Verhuetung; and Facts about Nursing was started by the American Journal of Nursing.

320. In 1935 the Royal Society awarded the Davy medal to University of Manchester scientist, Arthur Harden. Harden was born November 15, 1935.

321. November 16, 1935, marked the birth and the death of significant physicians/surgeons. At the time of his retirement in 2001, Sir Magdi Habib Yacoub, born November 16, had performed more heart transplants than any other surgeon in the world. He also performed Britain's first live lobe lung transplant in 1984. In 1992 Queen Elizabeth II knighted him, in 1999 he became a Fellow of the Royal Society, and in 2004 he received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. He was also a recipient of the Texas Heart Institute Ray C. Fish award for Scientific Achievement in Cardiovascular Disease in 1998, was a Kaufman awardee in 2001, and received the Golden Hippocrates international Award for excellence in cardiac surgery from Moscow in 2003. Love Rosa Hirschmann Gantt, who died November 16, 1935, was one of the two first women graduates of the Medical College of the State of South Carolina in 1901. She was the first female physician in Spartanburg and was one of the first women to become a member of the Southern Medical Association. During World War I, she was the only woman to serve on a draft board in the USA and she also held a commission from the Department of Commerce to be a medical examiner for pilots.

322. Matilda Arabella Evans, who died November 17, 1935, faced a hostile environment to become a physician in South Carolina. She faced competition not only from white physicians, but also from male physicians of her own race. She founded the Negro Health Association to place a black nurse in each county. She was unsuccessful, but it was an excellent effort that raised the issue of health care for all people in the state. She also founded three hospitals and in 1930 she opened a free clinic for women and children. By 1932, the Evans Clinic was supported by the county and state Boards of health.

323. On November 19, 1935, Carl Caskey Spiedel of the University of Virginia reported on the effect of alcohol on nerves of living tadpoles at the National Academy of Sciences conference in Charlottesville, VA.

324. Three life scientists were born on November 20, 1935. Henri Marcel Rochefort was a researcher and educator from INSERM, Montpellier, France, and the Cancer Research Center, CRLC in Montpellier. He was author of over 350 articles, primarily on hormones and cancer. Daniel Eugene Gormley is a Fellow of he American Academy of Dermatology, served on the Board of Directors of the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery 1973-76 and as Vice President in 1980, and served on the Board of Directors of the American Society of Mohs Surgery 1990-95. Nirmal Chandra Sukul was a zoologist at the Visva Bharati University in India. He received the Dr. G.D. Bhalerao Memorial Gold Medal from the Zoological Society of India in 1984.

325. James Fletcher Spann was born on November 21, 1935. He was very active with publishing and editing. He was a member of the Editorial Board of the American Journal of Cardiology 1972-78; an editorial consultant for Chest 1971, Heart and Lung 1971-73, the American Journal of Physiology since 1979, Circulation Research since 1982 and the New England Journal of Medicine since 1983. He was also a member of the Editorial Board of Heart Failure since 1985.

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Week 47

326. Fredric Winthrop Scott is Emeritus Professor from Cornell University since 1997. He was President of the American Association of Feline Practitioners 1976-78 and on their Board of Directors in 1991. He received the Carnation Award in 1990 from the American Animal Hospital Association. He was born November 22, 1935.

327. Phillip Jeffrey Bower was born November 23, 1935. He is a Fellow of the American College of Physicians and served on the Board of Directors of the American Heart Association 1979-83.

328. Two life scientists were born November 24, 1935. Kazuyoshi Yajima is a Fellow and Life member of the American Association of Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine and was on the Spaceweek International Association Board of Directors in 2003. Karel Frederik Liem is a Fellow of the Linnean Society and the Zoological Society of London and a Guggenheim Fellow in 1970. He was Henry Bryant Bigelow Professor of Biology at Harvard and curator of ichthyology.

329. Laurence Pringle, born November 26, 1935, is primarily known as a children's author. It should be noted, however, that most of his works explored the natural sciences from cockroaches to dolphins to the environment. He received a Special Award from the National Wildlife Federation in 1978 and the Eva L. Gordon Award from the American Nature Study Society in 1983.

330. David Jong-Jai Lim was born November 27, 1935. He is a Fellow of the American Academy of Otolaryngology. He received the Guyot Prize in 1992 from the University of Groningen, which is only awarded every five years; a Paparella Clinical Otological Award from the International Hearing Foundation in 1999; the Shambaugh Prize awarded only every second year from the Collegium Oto-rhino-laryngologicum Amicitiae Sacrum; and served as President of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology 1976-77.

331. T. Wayland Vaughan received the Alexander Agassiz Medal from the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 1935 for his work on corals, foraminifera, and submarine deposits. He was a leader in developing oceanographic activity on the Pacific Coast of the U.S.A.

332. Two inventions of note were announced in 1935. The American Dental Association introduced polymerized acrylin resin for artificial teeth and C.E. and C. Collins reported the use of Aloe Vera to treat Roentgen dermatitis in the American Journal of Roentgenology and Radium Therapy, 33:396-397, 1935.

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Week 48

333. Alberto Juan Lorenzo Macario, born December 1, 1935, was recipient of the Diploma de Honor Prize from the National University of Buenos Aires in 1961, the Bernardino Rivadavia Prize from the National Academy of Medicine in Argentina in 1967, and the Ciencie e Investigacion Prize from the Argentinian Society for the Advancement of Science in 1967. He also served as Professor of the department of Biomedical Sciences at the School of Public Health at SUNY, Albany.

334. D. H. Tennent of Bryn Mawr College presents a paper at the National Academy of Sciences conference in Charlottesville, VA, on light effects on eggs of a species of sea urchin that works as x-rays.

335. On December 4, 1935, three life scientist were born, David Serfaty, Klaus Wolff, and Jen-Kun Lin. Charles Robert Richet died on this date.

• Serfaty served as Chairman of the National Federation of Colleges in Medical Gynecology 1989-93 and honorary President in 1996; Chairman of the European Society of Contraception 1988-92 and honorary President in 1996 (yes, both at once), and President of the Medical Gynecological College of Paris - Ile de France. He received the City of Paris Silver Medal in 1975, the Academico Correspondiente en el Extranjero of Spain in 1991 and received two knighthoods: the National Order of Merit in 1987 and the National Order of the Legion of Honour in 1995.
• Wolff is a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and served as President of the European Society for Dermatological Research 1975-76 and the International League of Dermatological Societies 1987-92.
• Lin served as President of the Chinese Biomedical Society 1987-88 and of the Chinese Toxicological Society 1991-94.
• Richet, who received the Nobel prize in physiology in 1913 based on his research on anaphylaxis, published an extensive memoir on the properties of gastric juices in 1878 and moved on to the central nervous system by 1883. In 1888 Richet, with Jules Héricourt found a new type of staphylococcus bacterium in the dog and this moved his interest to tuberculosis. He tested a number of marine poisons on dogs and discovered what was called an anaphylactic ("contrary to protection") reaction. He received the Cross of the Legion of Honor in 1926.

336. The year 1935 was the founding year of many more organizations than our own DBIO. Two laboratories were founded in this year: Haskins Laboratories, a research lab affiliated with Yale University and focusing on medical research, and the University of Wisconsin - Madison, Wisconsin Occupational Health Laboratory. The medical societies founded in 1935 include: the American Board of Urology, American College of Chest Physicians, Chilean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International College of Surgeons, International Society of Blood Transfusion, Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists, Scottish Committee of Optometrists, Sociedad Chilena de Urologia, and Society of Occupational Medicine.

337. Beckman Company was founded in 1935 by Arnold Beckman. It provides testing equipment, such as centrifuges and DNA testing systems, to hospitals. Beckman's bought Coulter Corp. in 1997 to create Beckman Coulter, Inc.

338. The final list of 1935 books cover a broad area of life sciences. These are Science of Living Things: botany, zoology, anatomy, & physiology written by A H G Alston and published by Odhams in London; James G Needham's Guide to the Study of Fresh-water Biology: with special reference to aquatic insects and other invertebrate animals published by Comstock Pub. Co., of Ithaca, N.Y.; Paul Smith Welch's first edition of Limnology published by McGraw-Hill of N.Y. and London; and the second edition of Thomas Hunt Morgan's Scientific Basis of Evolution published by W.W. Norton & Co., of N.Y.

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Week 49

339. Two life scientists were born December 7, 1935 and one life scientist died on this date.

• Anwar Nasim was a member of the Editorial Board of Mutation Research 1994-96; the Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics, Japan, 1994; and the Journal of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Taipei, Taiwan, in 1991. He received an Award for Outstanding Services from the Overseas Pakistani's Institute in 1995 and the Sitara-e-Imtiaz Civil Award in Molecular Genetics in 1999.
• De-qing Zhou served on the Council of the Chinese Society for Microbiology 1987-96. He was also Editor-in-Chief of the Experimental Handbook of Microbiology in 1987. He also received awards for Outstanding Teaching Achievement from the Shanghai Municipal Government in 1996 (First) and 1995 (Second) and from the State Grade of China in 1997 (Second).
  
  
• There was also one life scientist who died on this date. Griffith Evans, who was born nearly 100 years before on August 7, 1835, was a pioneer in the study of protozoology in relationship to infection and the first to associate trypanosomes with disease production. The Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine awarded its highest honor, The Mary Kingsley medal, in 1917 "for distinguished service in the cause of tropical medicine by original research." In 1918 he received the coveted Henry Steel Memorial Medal of the Royal Veterinary College and in 1931 at the age of 96 he received the Freedom of the City of Bangor.

340. Reinard Ziegler, born December 8, 1935, received the Science Prize from the City of Ulm, Germany, in 1977 and served as President of the German Endocrine Society 1996-99.

341. Lafayette Benedict Mendel died on December 9, 1935. He had been appointed Sterling professor of physiological chemistry in 1921, one of the first to receive this honor at Yale University,and was known for his work on vitamin A and other work in the area of proteins, specifically food proteins. He served as Editor of the Journal of Biological Chemistry and of the Journal of Nutrition and was President of the Society of Biological Chemistry in 1911. He became a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1913, received the gold medal from the American Institute of Chemists in 1927, and the Conné Medal from the Chemist's Club of New York "for his outstanding chemical contributions to medicine" in 1935.

342. There were two Nobel Prizes awarded on December 10, 1935. Frederick and Irene Joliot-Curie received the Nobel prize for chemistry for discovery of new radioactive isotopes prepared artificially in 1933 and Sir James Chadwick received the Nobel prize for physics for his discovery of the neutron in 1934.

343. William Paul Purcell was born December 11, 1935, and Harriet Cook Hubbard died on this date. Purcell is a Fellow of the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists and was one of the founders of the International Society of Quantum Biology. He also served on the Editorial Board of the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 1969-73. Hubbard was one of the first graduates of the New England Hospital training school for nurses. She was known for being an expert dietitian and botanist and was given credit for making the Litchfield District Nursing Association a success.

344. Alexis Carrel of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research gives his address, the "Mystery of Death" at the NY Academy of Medicine on December 12, 1935. He asserts that people could be put in storage and revived later. The theory is disputed by former colleague Anton Julius Carlson of Chicago.

345. . Joseph Reiher Jehl, Jr., born December 12, 1935, was a Fellow of the American Ornithologists Union and served on the Board of Directors of the International Council for Bird Preservation. He also was Editor of Studies in Avian Biology, 1987-93. Charles Loomis Dana, who died on this date, was the author of Textbook of Nervous Diseases, which went to ten editions, served as President of the Academy of Medicine of New York and of the American Neurological Association. He was a Professor of Nervous Diseases at Cornell Medical College.

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Week 50

346. Three botanical organizations were founded in 1935. They were the Norwegian Botanical Society, National Junior Horticultural Association (USA), and Cornell University's L.H. Bailey Hortorium.

347. Rowland Southern, who died on December 13, 1935, was a marine zoologist who served at the National Museum in Dublin. He was a specialist in polychaetes and participated in studies off both the south and west coasts. Later he worked on freshwater fish at a new limnological laboratory on the River Shannon. He served as Ireland's second representative to the International Council on the Exploration of the Sea.

348. The Paris Academy of Sciences awarded a number of prizes on December 16, 1935. Antoine Jullien was awarded the Montyon Prize for his work in physiology and his book on practical physiology. Louis Chauvois was awarded the Mège Prize for his book on the circulation of the blood. Paul Marais de Beauchamp was awarded the Cuvier Prize for his researches on invertebrates. Pierre Dangeard was awarded the Desmazières Prize for the "Traite d'Algologie." René Moricard was awarded the Barbier Prize for his memoir "Proliférine sexuelle femelle. Contribution a l'étude de la fonction de la folliculine." Robert Douin was awarded the Jean Thore Prize for his contribution to the "Flore illustre de France." Robert Echevin was awarded the Jean de Ruez de Lavison Prize for his work on metabolism of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur in dead leaves of igneous plants.

349. December 16, 1935, marks the death of Albert Spear Hitchcock, agrostologist, who worked primarily with economic aspects of botany, especially the study of grasses. He believed that work in the field, rather than just with dried specimens, was vital. He was also the first president of the Botanical Society of America at its founding in 1914.

350. Arthur H. Forer, born December 17, 1935, was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Cell Science 1972-84, the Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology 1982-93, and Cell Biology International Reports since 1984.

351. Gösta Erik Eriksson has been Emeritus Professor of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in Uppsala since 2000. He received the Jubilee Medal from the Lithuanian Forest Research Institute in 1997 and became a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Forestry and Agriculture of Sweden in 1981. He was born December 18, 1935.

352. Laurence Retman Young, born December 19, 1935, is a Fellow of the IEEE, receiving their Franklin V. Taylor Award in 1963. He also received the Jeffries Medical Research Award in 1992 from the Aerospace Medical Association, the Paul Hensen Award in 1995 from the Aerospace Human Factors Association, and was awarded the Koetser Foundation Prize in 1998 in Zurich. He was a founding member of the Biomedical Engineering Society and served as their President in 1979-80.

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Week 51

353. Walter John Kender, born December 20, 1935, is an Emeritus Professor of the University of Florida, is a Fellow of the AAAS, and has served as a Director of the American Society for Horticultural Science 1975-85 and on the Advisory Committee of the American Pomological Society, in addition to service on Florida associations and as a consultant in Pakistan and Indonesia.

354. . Two life scientists born on December 21, 1935, are Karel Hruska and David Lange Narhwold. Hruska received a Medal from the Czechoslovak Academy of Agriculture in 1985 and spent most of his later career at the Veterinary Research Institute in Brno, Czech Republic. He was Editor of International Journal for Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and a member of the advisory Board for Acta Veterinaria Hungarica. Narhwold was active in both professional organizations and editorial boards and recognized with two awards. He received the John P. Hubbard award from the National Board of Medical Examiners in 2003 and the Derrick Vail award from the American Board of Medical Specialties in 2007. As examples, he served on the Board of Governors for the American College of Surgeons 1992-98 and as 1st vice-President 2005-2006, as Treasurer for the International Federation of Surgical Colleges 1999-2002, and as President of the U.S. Chapter of the Collegium International Chirurgiae Digestive 1988-90. He was Editor (now Emeritus) of the Journal of Laparoendoscopic Surgery 1997-2004 and member of the Editorial Boards for Surgery 1981-94, Archives of Surgery 1983-93, Digestive Surgery 1986-99, American Journal of Surgery 1994-2000, the Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 1996-2000 and Current Opinion in General Surgery and Journal of Lithotripsy and Stone Disease 1988-92.

355. This is the last group of life sciences serials started in 1935. Springer started Acta biotheoretica and Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. Other titles which started in Europe in 1935 are published by Urban und Fischer Verlag in Germany, Norsk Viltforskning Meddelelser from the Directorate for Nature Management in Norway, and Termeszetbuvar (general biology) from Termeszetbuvar Alapitvany in Hungary. The last title, Indian forest records (new series) Entomology, was published by Forest Research Institute & Colleges in India.

356. . William Sigmond Bowers received the J.E. Bussart Award in 1990, the Alexander von Humboldt Prize in 1989, and the Spencer Award in Agricultural Chemistry in 1994. He was born December 24, 1935.

357. Three life scientists were born on December 25, 1935. Mahmud-ul Ameen served as Editor-in-Chief of the Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 1978-80 and is a Fellow of the Bangladesh Academy of Science who awarded him their Gold Medal in 1990. He also served as President of the Zoological Society of Bangladesh 1994-95 and again in 1999. Jonathan Roger Beckwith received a Merit Award from the National Institutes of Health in 1986, the Eli Lilly Award for Outstanding Achievement in Microbiology in 1970, and the Genetics Society of America Medal in 1993. In 2009 he received the Selman A. Waksman Award in Microbiology from the National Academy of Science. He is also a Fellow of AAAS. His memoir, Making Genes, Making Waves: A Social Activist in Science was published in 2002. George Franklin Vande Woude was a Fellow of the AAAS and received the Robert J. and Claire Pasarow Foundation Award in 1989.

358. Two new organizations in the area of entomology were founded in 1935. These are the Amateur Entomologists' Society and the American Mosquito Control Association.

359. . Two broad environmental research centers sponsored by U.S. federal agencies were established in 1935. These are the National Ocean Service's National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science - Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research and the U.S. Forest Service's Rocky Mountain Research Station.

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Week 52

360. Five U.S. universities started research stations in 1935 that had a focus on the environment. Auburn University started the Alabama Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Bowdoin College founded their Bowdoin Scientific Station with a focus on Biological and Environmental Sciences, Iowa State University of Science and Technology started the Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Utah State University started the Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Unit, and Wheaton College started the Wheaton College Science Station.

361. Eight agricultural centers or organizations started in 1935. One was the Australian Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology. Another was the Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development Crop Diversification Centre South in Canada. The rest were in the U.S. They were the Agricultural Research Service's South Atlantic Area Food Science Research Unit, Iowa State University of Science and Technology's Muscatine Island Research and Demonstration Farm, Mississippi Department of Agriculture and Commerce's State Seed Testing Laboratory. North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services' Caswell Research Farm, and Purdue University's Throckmorton-Purdue Agricultural Center.

362. Edward Paul Leonard, born December 29, 1935, is a Fellow of the International College of Dentists and recipient of the Carl A. Schlack Research Award from the Association of Military Surgeons of the U.S. in 1989.

363. Roger Anthony Gorski, born December 30, 1935, served on the Editorial Boards of Neuroendorcrinology 1967-75, Anatomical Record 1968-77, Endocrinology 1973-77 and Biology of Reproduction 1974-78. He received the Ernst Oppenheimer Award in 1976 from the Endocrine Society and served as President of the Society for the Study of Reproduction in 1978.

364. On December 30, 1935, the Tenth Congress of the International Society of Surgery began in Cairo.

365. Robert Leroy Heinrikson was born December 31, 1935. He served on the Editorial Board of the Journal of Biological Chemistry 1978-83 and the Journal of Protein Chemistry beginning in 1982.

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